# vim: set et sw=2:
# A-Z Game: guess the word by reducing the interval of allowed ones
#
# Author: Giuseppe "Oblomov" Bilotta <giuseppe.bilotta@gmail.com>
#
# (C) 2006 Giuseppe Bilotta
#
# TODO allow manual addition of words

AZ_RULES = {
  :italian => {
    :good => /s\.f\.|s\.m\.|agg\.|v\.tr\.|v\.(pronom\.)?intr\./, # avv\.|pron\.|cong\.
    :bad => /var\./,
    :first => 'abaco',
    :last => 'zuzzurellone',
    :url => "http://www.demauroparavia.it/%s",
    :wapurl => "http://wap.demauroparavia.it/index.php?lemma=%s"
  },
  :english => {
    :good => /(?:singular )?noun|verb|adj/,
    :first => 'abacus',
    :last => 'zuni',
    :url => "http://www.chambersharrap.co.uk/chambers/features/chref/chref.py/main?query=%s&title=21st"
  }
}

class AzGame

  attr_reader :range, :word
  attr_accessor :tries, :total_tries, :total_failed, :failed, :winner
  def initialize(plugin, lang, word)
    @plugin = plugin
    @lang = lang.to_sym
    @word = word.downcase
    @range = [AZ_RULES[lang][:first].dup, AZ_RULES[lang][:last].dup]
    @total_tries = 0
    @total_failed = 0 # not used, reported, updated
    @tries = Hash.new(0)
    @failed = Hash.new(0) # not used, not reported, updated
    @winner = nil
    def @range.to_s
      return "%s -- %s" % self
    end
  end

  def check(word)
    w = word.downcase
    debug "checking #{w} for #{@word} in #{@range}"
    return [:bingo, nil] if w == @word
    return [:out, @range] if w < @range.first or w > @range.last
    return [:ignore, @range] if w == @range.first or w == @range.last
    return [:noexist, @range] unless @plugin.send("is_#{@lang}?", w)
    debug "we like it"
    if w < @word
      @range.first.replace(w)
    else
      @range.last.replace(w)
    end
    return [:in, @range]
  end

# TODO scoring: base score is t = ceil(100*exp(-(n-1)^2/50))+p for n attempts
#               done by p players; players that didn't win but contributed
#               with a attempts will get t*a/n points

  include Math

  def score
    n = @total_tries
    p = @tries.keys.length
    t = (100*exp(-(n-1)**2/50**2)).ceil + p
    debug "Total score: #{t}"
    ret = Hash.new
    @tries.each { |k, a|
      ret[k] = [t*a/n, "%d %s" % [a, a > 1 ? "tries" : "try"]]
    }
    if @winner
      debug "replacing winner score of %d with %d" % [ret[@winner].first, t]
      tries = ret[@winner].last
      ret[@winner] = [t, "winner, #{tries}"]
    end
    return ret.sort_by { |h| h.last.first }.reverse
  end

end

class AzGamePlugin < Plugin

  def initialize
    super
    # if @registry.has_key?(:games)
    #   @games = @registry[:games]
    # else
      @games = Hash.new
    # end
    if @registry.has_key?(:wordcache) and @registry[:wordcache]
      @wordcache = @registry[:wordcache]
    else
      @wordcache = Hash.new
    end
    debug "\n\n\nA-Z wordcache: #{@wordcache.inspect}\n\n\n"
  end

  def save
    # @registry[:games] = @games
    @registry[:wordcache] = @wordcache
  end

  def listen(m)
    return unless m.kind_of?(PrivMessage)
    return if m.channel.nil? or m.address?
    k = m.channel.downcase.to_s # to_sym?
    return unless @games.key?(k)
    return if m.params
    word = m.plugin.downcase
    return unless word =~ /^[a-z]+$/
    word_check(m, k, word)
  end

  def word_check(m, k, word)
    isit = @games[k].check(word)
    case isit.first
    when :bingo
      m.reply "#{Bold}BINGO!#{Bold}: the word was #{Underline}#{word}#{Underline}. Congrats, #{Bold}#{m.sourcenick}#{Bold}!"
      @games[k].total_tries += 1
      @games[k].tries[m.source] += 1
      @games[k].winner = m.source
      ar = @games[k].score.inject([]) { |res, kv|
        res.push("%s: %d (%s)" % kv.flatten)
      }
      m.reply "The game was won after #{@games[k].total_tries} tries. Scores for this game:    #{ar.join('; ')}"
      @games.delete(k)
    when :out
      m.reply "#{word} is not in the range #{Bold}#{isit.last}#{Bold}" if m.address?
    when :noexist
      m.reply "#{word} doesn't exist or is not acceptable for the game"
      @games[k].total_failed += 1
      @games[k].failed[m.source] += 1
    when :in
      m.reply "close, but no cigar. New range: #{Bold}#{isit.last}#{Bold}"
      @games[k].total_tries += 1
      @games[k].tries[m.source] += 1
    when :ignore
      m.reply "#{word} is already one of the range extrema: #{isit.last}" if m.address?
    else
      m.reply "hm, something went wrong while verifying #{word}"
    end
  end

  def manual_word_check(m, params)
    k = m.channel.downcase.to_s
    word = params[:word].downcase
    if not @games.key?(k)
      m.reply "no A-Z game running here, can't check if #{word} is valid, can I?"
      return
    end
    if word !~ /^[a-z]+$/
      m.reply "I only accept single words composed by letters only, sorry"
      return
    end
    word_check(m, k, word)
  end

  def stop_game(m, params)
    return if m.channel.nil? # Shouldn't happen, but you never know
    k = m.channel.downcase.to_s # to_sym?
    if @games.key?(k)
      m.reply "the word in #{Bold}#{@games[k].range}#{Bold} was:   #{Bold}#{@games[k].word}"
      ar = @games[k].score.inject([]) { |res, kv|
        res.push("%s: %d (%s)" % kv.flatten)
      }
      m.reply "The game was cancelled after #{@games[k].total_tries} tries. Scores for this game would have been:    #{ar.join('; ')}"
      @games.delete(k)
    else
      m.reply "no A-Z game running in this channel ..."
    end
  end

  def start_game(m, params)
    return if m.channel.nil? # Shouldn't happen, but you never know
    k = m.channel.downcase.to_s # to_sym?
    unless @games.key?(k)
      lang = (params[:lang] || @bot.config['core.language']).to_sym
      method = 'random_pick_'+lang.to_s
      m.reply "let me think ..."
      if AZ_RULES.has_key?(lang) and self.respond_to?(method)
        word = self.send(method)
        if word.empty?
          m.reply "couldn't think of anything ..."
          return
        end
      else
        m.reply "I can't play A-Z in #{lang}, sorry"
        return
      end
      m.reply "got it!"
      @games[k] = AzGame.new(self, lang, word)
    end
    tr = @games[k].total_tries
    case tr
    when 0
      tr_msg = ""
    when 1
      tr_msg = " (after 1 try"
    else
      tr_msg = " (after #{tr} tries"
    end

    unless tr_msg.empty?
      f_tr = @games[k].total_failed
      case f_tr
      when 0
        tr_msg << ")"
      when 1
        tr_msg << " and 1 invalid try)"
      else
        tr_msg << " and #{f_tr} invalid tries)"
      end
    end

    m.reply "A-Z: #{Bold}#{@games[k].range}#{Bold}" + tr_msg
    return
  end

  def wordlist(m, params)
    pars = params[:params]
    lang = (params[:lang] || @bot.config['core.language']).to_sym
    wc = @wordcache[lang] || Hash.new rescue Hash.new
    cmd = params[:cmd].to_sym rescue :count
    case cmd
    when :count
      m.reply "I have #{wc.size > 0 ? wc.size : 'no'} #{lang} words in my cache"
    when :show, :list
      if pars.empty?
        m.reply "provide a regexp to match"
        return
      end
      begin
        regex = /#{pars[0]}/
        matches = wc.keys.map { |k|
          k.to_s
        }.grep(regex)
      rescue
        matches = []
      end
      if matches.size == 0
        m.reply "no #{lang} word I know match #{pars[0]}"
      elsif matches.size > 25
        m.reply "more than 25 #{lang} words I know match #{pars[0]}, try a stricter matching"
      else
        m.reply "#{matches.join(', ')}"
      end
    when :info
      if pars.empty?
        m.reply "provide a word"
        return
      end
      word = pars[0].downcase.to_sym
      if not wc.key?(word)
        m.reply "I don't know any #{lang} word #{word}"
        return
      end
      tr = "#{word} learned from #{wc[word][:who]}"
      (tr << " on #{wc[word][:when]}") if wc[word].key?(:when)
      m.reply tr
    when :delete
      if pars.empty?
        m.reply "provide a word"
        return
      end
      word = pars[0].downcase.to_sym
      if not wc.key?(word)
        m.reply "I don't know any #{lang} word #{word}"
        return
      end
      wc.delete(word)
      @bot.okay m.replyto
    when :add
      if pars.empty?
        m.reply "provide a word"
        return
      end
      word = pars[0].downcase.to_sym
      if wc.key?(word)
        m.reply "I already know the #{lang} word #{word}"
        return
      end
      wc[word] = { :who => m.sourcenick, :when => Time.now }
      @bot.okay m.replyto
    else
    end
  end

  def is_italian?(word)
    unless @wordcache.key?(:italian)
      @wordcache[:italian] = Hash.new
    end
    wc = @wordcache[:italian]
    return true if wc.key?(word.to_sym)
    rules = AZ_RULES[:italian]
    p = @bot.httputil.get_cached(rules[:wapurl] % word)
    if not p
      error "could not connect!"
      return false
    end
    debug p
    p.scan(/<anchor>#{word} - (.*?)<go href="lemma.php\?ID=([^"]*?)"/) { |qual, url|
      debug "new word #{word} of type #{qual}"
      if qual =~ rules[:good] and qual !~ rules[:bad]
        wc[word.to_sym] = {:who => :dict}
        return true
      end
      next
    }
    return false
  end

  def random_pick_italian(min=nil,max=nil)
    # Try to pick a random word between min and max
    word = String.new
    min = min.to_s
    max = max.to_s
    if min > max
      m.reply "#{min} > #{max}"
      return word
    end
    rules = AZ_RULES[:italian]
    min = rules[:first] if min.empty?
    max = rules[:last]  if max.empty?
    debug "looking for word between #{min.inspect} and #{max.inspect}"
    return word if min.empty? or max.empty?
    begin
      while (word <= min or word >= max or word !~ /^[a-z]+$/)
        debug "looking for word between #{min} and #{max} (prev: #{word.inspect})"
        # TODO for the time being, skip words with extended characters
        unless @wordcache.key?(:italian)
          @wordcache[:italian] = Hash.new
        end
        wc = @wordcache[:italian]

        if wc.size > 0
          cache_or_url = rand(2)
          if cache_or_url == 0
            debug "getting word from wordcache"
            word = wc.keys[rand(wc.size)].to_s
            next
          end
        end

        # TODO when doing ranges, adapt this choice
        l = ('a'..'z').to_a[rand(26)]
        debug "getting random word from dictionary, starting with letter #{l}"
        first = rules[:url] % "lettera_#{l}_0_50"
        p = @bot.httputil.get_cached(first)
        max_page = p.match(/ \/ (\d+)<\/label>/)[1].to_i
        pp = rand(max_page)+1
        debug "getting random word from dictionary, starting with letter #{l}, page #{pp}"
        p = @bot.httputil.get_cached(first+"&pagina=#{pp}") if pp > 1
        lemmi = Array.new
        good = rules[:good]
        bad =  rules[:bad]
        # We look for a lemma composed by a single word and of length at least two
        p.scan(/<li><a href="([^"]+?)" title="consulta il lemma ([^ "][^ "]+?)">.*?&nbsp;(.+?)<\/li>/) { |url, prelemma, tipo|
          lemma = prelemma.downcase.to_sym
          debug "checking lemma #{lemma} (#{prelemma}) of type #{tipo} from url #{url}"
          next if wc.key?(lemma)
          case tipo
          when good
            if tipo =~ bad
              debug "refusing, #{bad}"
              next
            end
            debug "good one"
            lemmi << lemma
            wc[lemma] = {:who => :dict}
          else
            debug "refusing, not #{good}"
          end
        }
        word = lemmi[rand(lemmi.length)].to_s
      end
    rescue => e
      error "error #{e.inspect} while looking up a word"
      error e.backtrace.join("\n")
    end
    return word
  end

  def is_english?(word)
    unless @wordcache.key?(:english)
      @wordcache[:english] = Hash.new
    end
    wc = @wordcache[:english]
    return true if wc.key?(word.to_sym)
    rules = AZ_RULES[:english]
    p = @bot.httputil.get_cached(rules[:url] % URI.escape(word))
    if not p
      error "could not connect!"
      return false
    end
    debug p
    if p =~ /<span class="(?:hwd|srch)">#{word}<\/span>([^\n]+?)<span class="psa">#{rules[:good]}<\/span>/i
      debug "new word #{word}"
        wc[word.to_sym] = {:who => :dict}
        return true
    end
    return false
  end

  def random_pick_english(min=nil,max=nil)
    # Try to pick a random word between min and max
    word = String.new
    min = min.to_s
    max = max.to_s
    if min > max
      m.reply "#{min} > #{max}"
      return word
    end
    rules = AZ_RULES[:english]
    min = rules[:first] if min.empty?
    max = rules[:last]  if max.empty?
    debug "looking for word between #{min.inspect} and #{max.inspect}"
    return word if min.empty? or max.empty?
    begin
      while (word <= min or word >= max or word !~ /^[a-z]+$/)
        debug "looking for word between #{min} and #{max} (prev: #{word.inspect})"
        # TODO for the time being, skip words with extended characters
        unless @wordcache.key?(:english)
          @wordcache[:english] = Hash.new
        end
        wc = @wordcache[:english]

        if wc.size > 0
          cache_or_url = rand(2)
          if cache_or_url == 0
            debug "getting word from wordcache"
            word = wc.keys[rand(wc.size)].to_s
            next
          end
        end

        # TODO when doing ranges, adapt this choice
        l = ('a'..'z').to_a[rand(26)]
        ll = ('a'..'z').to_a[rand(26)]
        random = [l,ll].join('*') + '*'
        debug "getting random word from dictionary, matching #{random}"
        p = @bot.httputil.get_cached(rules[:url] % URI.escape(random))
        debug p
        lemmi = Array.new
        good = rules[:good]
        # We look for a lemma composed by a single word and of length at least two
        p.scan(/<span class="(?:hwd|srch)">(.*?)<\/span>([^\n]+?)<span class="psa">#{rules[:good]}<\/span>/i) { |prelemma, discard|
          lemma = prelemma.downcase
          debug "checking lemma #{lemma} (#{prelemma}) and discarding #{discard}"
          next if wc.key?(lemma.to_sym)
          if lemma =~ /^[a-z]+$/
            debug "good one"
            lemmi << lemma
            wc[lemma.to_sym] = {:who => :dict}
          else
            debug "funky characters, not good"
          end
        }
        next if lemmi.empty?
        word = lemmi[rand(lemmi.length)]
      end
    rescue => e
      error "error #{e.inspect} while looking up a word"
      error e.backtrace.join("\n")
    end
    return word
  end

  def help(plugin, topic="")
    case topic
    when 'manage'
      return "az [lang] word [count|list|add|delete] => manage the az wordlist for language lang (defaults to current bot language)"
    when 'cancel'
      return "az cancel => abort current game"
    when 'check'
      return 'az check <word> => checks <word> against current game'
    when 'rules'
      return "try to guess the word the bot is thinking of; if you guess wrong, the bot will use the new word to restrict the range of allowed words: eventually, the range will be so small around the correct word that you can't miss it"
    when 'play'
      return "az => start a game if none is running, show the current word range otherwise; you can say 'az <language>' if you want to play in a language different from the current bot default"
    end
    return "az topics: play, rules, cancel, manage, check"
  end

end

plugin = AzGamePlugin.new
plugin.map 'az [:lang] word :cmd *params', :action=>'wordlist', :defaults => { :lang => nil, :cmd => 'count', :params => [] }, :auth_path => '!az::edit!'
plugin.map 'az cancel', :action=>'stop_game', :private => false
plugin.map 'az check :word', :action => 'manual_word_check', :private => false
plugin.map 'az [play] [:lang]', :action=>'start_game', :private => false, :defaults => { :lang => nil }