1 /* +------------------------------------+
2 * | Inspire Internet Relay Chat Daemon |
3 * +------------------------------------+
5 * InspIRCd: (C) 2002-2007 InspIRCd Development Team
6 * See: http://www.inspircd.org/wiki/index.php/Credits
8 * This program is free but copyrighted software; see
9 * the file COPYING for details.
11 * ---------------------------------------------------
15 dns.h - dns library very very loosely based on
16 firedns, Copyright (C) 2002 Ian Gulliver
18 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
19 it under the terms of version 2 of the GNU General Public License as
20 published by the Free Software Foundation.
22 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
23 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
24 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
25 GNU General Public License for more details.
27 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
28 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
29 Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
36 #include "inspircd_config.h"
38 #include "socketengine.h"
44 using irc::sockets::insp_aton;
45 using irc::sockets::insp_ntoa;
46 using irc::sockets::insp_sockaddr;
47 using irc::sockets::insp_inaddr;
53 * Result status, used internally
55 class CoreExport DNSResult : public classbase
61 /** Result body, a hostname or IP address
64 /** Time-to-live value of the result
67 /** The original request, a hostname or IP address
71 /** Build a DNS result.
72 * @param i The request ID
73 * @param res The request result, a hostname or IP
74 * @param timetolive The request time-to-live
75 * @param orig The original request, a hostname or IP
77 DNSResult(int i, const std::string &res, unsigned long timetolive, const std::string &orig) : id(i), result(res), ttl(timetolive), original(orig) { }
81 * Information on a completed lookup, used internally
83 typedef std::pair<unsigned char*, std::string> DNSInfo;
85 /** Cached item stored in the query cache.
87 class CoreExport CachedQuery
90 /** The cached result data, an IP or hostname
93 /** The time when the item is due to expire
97 /** Build a cached query
98 * @param res The result data, an IP or hostname
99 * @param ttl The time-to-live value of the query result
101 CachedQuery(const std::string &res, unsigned int ttl) : data(res)
103 expires = time(NULL) + ttl;
106 /** Returns the number of seconds remaining before this
107 * cache item has expired and should be removed.
109 int CalcTTLRemaining()
111 int n = (int)expires - (int)time(NULL);
112 return (n < 0 ? 0 : n);
116 /** DNS cache information. Holds IPs mapped to hostnames, and hostnames mapped to IPs.
119 typedef nspace::hash_map<irc::string, CachedQuery, nspace::hash<irc::string> > dnscache;
121 typedef nspace::hash_map<irc::string, CachedQuery, nspace::hash_compare<irc::string> > dnscache;
125 * Error types that class Resolver can emit to its error method.
129 RESOLVER_NOERROR = 0,
131 RESOLVER_NXDOMAIN = 2,
132 RESOLVER_NOTREADY = 3,
134 RESOLVER_TIMEOUT = 5,
135 RESLOVER_FORCEUNLOAD = 6
144 * A DNS packet header
149 * A DNS Resource Record (rr)
151 struct ResourceRecord;
154 * Query and resource record types
158 DNS_QUERY_NONE = 0, /* Uninitialized Query */
159 DNS_QUERY_A = 1, /* 'A' record: an ipv4 address */
160 DNS_QUERY_CNAME = 5, /* 'CNAME' record: An alias */
161 DNS_QUERY_PTR = 12, /* 'PTR' record: a hostname */
162 DNS_QUERY_AAAA = 28, /* 'AAAA' record: an ipv6 address */
164 DNS_QUERY_PTR4 = 0xFFFD, /* Force 'PTR' to use IPV4 scemantics */
165 DNS_QUERY_PTR6 = 0xFFFE /* Force 'PTR' to use IPV6 scemantics */
169 const QueryType DNS_QUERY_FORWARD = DNS_QUERY_AAAA;
171 const QueryType DNS_QUERY_FORWARD = DNS_QUERY_A;
173 const QueryType DNS_QUERY_REVERSE = DNS_QUERY_PTR;
175 * Used internally to force PTR lookups to use a certain protocol scemantics,
176 * e.g. x.x.x.x.in-addr.arpa for v4, and *.ip6.arpa for v6.
180 PROTOCOL_IPV4 = 0, /* Forced to use ipv4 */
181 PROTOCOL_IPV6 = 1 /* Forced to use ipv6 */
185 * The Resolver class is a high-level abstraction for resolving DNS entries.
186 * It can do forward and reverse IPv4 lookups, and where IPv6 is supported, will
187 * also be able to do those, transparent of protocols. Module developers must
188 * extend this class via inheritence, and then insert a pointer to their derived
189 * class into the core using Server::AddResolver(). Once you have done this,
190 * the class will be able to receive callbacks. There are two callbacks which
191 * can occur by calling virtual methods, one is a success situation, and the other
192 * an error situation.
194 class CoreExport Resolver : public Extensible
200 InspIRCd* ServerInstance;
202 * Pointer to creator module (if any, or NULL)
206 * The input data, either a host or an IP address
210 * True if a forward lookup is being performed, false if otherwise
214 * The DNS erver being used for lookups. If this is an empty string,
215 * the value of ServerConfig::DNSServer is used instead.
219 * The ID allocated to your lookup. This is a pseudo-random number
220 * between 0 and 65535, a value of -1 indicating a failure.
221 * The core uses this to route results to the correct objects.
226 * Cached result, if there is one
231 * Time left before cache expiry
236 * Initiate DNS lookup. Your class should not attempt to delete or free these
237 * objects, as the core will do this for you. They must always be created upon
238 * the heap using new, as you cannot be sure at what time they will be deleted.
239 * Allocating them on the stack or attempting to delete them yourself could cause
240 * the object to go 'out of scope' and cause a segfault in the core if the result
241 * arrives at a later time.
242 * @param source The IP or hostname to resolve
243 * @param qt The query type to perform. If you just want to perform a forward
244 * or reverse lookup, and you don't care wether you get ipv4 or ipv6, then use
245 * the constants DNS_QUERY_FORWARD and DNS_QUERY_REVERSE, which automatically
246 * select from 'A' record or 'AAAA' record lookups. However, if you want to resolve
247 * a specific record type, resolution of 'A', 'AAAA', 'PTR' and 'CNAME' records
248 * is supported. Use one of the QueryType enum values to initiate this type of
249 * lookup. Resolution of 'AAAA' ipv6 records is always supported, regardless of
250 * wether InspIRCd is built with ipv6 support.
251 * If you attempt to resolve a 'PTR' record using DNS_QUERY_PTR, and InspIRCd is
252 * built with ipv6 support, the 'PTR' record will be formatted to ipv6 specs,
253 * e.g. x.x.x.x.x....ip6.arpa. otherwise it will be formatted to ipv4 specs,
254 * e.g. x.x.x.x.in-addr.arpa. This translation is automatic.
255 * To get around this automatic behaviour, you must use one of the values
256 * DNS_QUERY_PTR4 or DNS_QUERY_PTR6 to force ipv4 or ipv6 behaviour on the lookup,
257 * irrespective of what protocol InspIRCd has been built for.
258 * @param cached The constructor will set this boolean to true or false depending
259 * on whether the DNS lookup you are attempting is cached (and not expired) or not.
260 * If the value is cached, upon return this will be set to true, otherwise it will
261 * be set to false. You should pass this value to InspIRCd::AddResolver(), which
262 * will then influence the behaviour of the method and determine whether a cached
263 * or non-cached result is obtained. The value in this variable is always correct
264 * for the given request when the constructor exits.
265 * @param creator See the note below.
266 * @throw ModuleException This class may throw an instance of ModuleException, in the
267 * event a lookup could not be allocated, or a similar hard error occurs such as
268 * the network being down. This will also be thrown if an invalid IP address is
269 * passed when resolving a 'PTR' record.
271 * NOTE: If you are instantiating your DNS lookup from a module, you should set the
272 * value of creator to point at your Module class. This way if your module is unloaded
273 * whilst lookups are in progress, they can be safely removed and your module will not
276 Resolver(InspIRCd* Instance, const std::string &source, QueryType qt, bool &cached, Module* creator = NULL);
279 * The default destructor does nothing.
283 * When your lookup completes, this method will be called.
284 * @param result The resulting DNS lookup, either an IP address or a hostname.
285 * @param ttl The time-to-live value of the result, in the instance of a cached
286 * result, this is the number of seconds remaining before refresh/expiry.
287 * @param cached True if the result is a cached result, false if it was requested
288 * from the DNS server.
289 * @param resultnum Result number, for records with multiple matching results.
290 * Normally, you will only want to act on this when the result is 0.
292 virtual void OnLookupComplete(const std::string &result, unsigned int ttl, bool cached, int resultnum = 0) = 0;
294 * If an error occurs (such as NXDOMAIN, no domain name found) then this method
296 * @param e A ResolverError enum containing the error type which has occured.
297 * @param errormessage The error text of the error that occured.
299 virtual void OnError(ResolverError e, const std::string &errormessage);
301 * Returns the id value of this class. This is primarily used by the core
302 * to determine where in various tables to place a pointer to your class, but it
303 * is safe to call and use this method.
304 * As specified in RFC1035, each dns request has a 16 bit ID value, ranging
305 * from 0 to 65535. If there is an issue and the core cannot send your request,
306 * this method will return -1.
310 * Returns the creator module, or NULL
312 Module* GetCreator();
314 * If the result is a cached result, this triggers the objects
315 * OnLookupComplete. This is done because it is not safe to call
316 * the abstract virtual method from the constructor.
318 void TriggerCachedResult();
321 /** DNS is a singleton class used by the core to dispatch dns
322 * requests to the dns server, and route incoming dns replies
323 * back to Resolver objects, based upon the request ID. You
324 * should never use this class yourself.
326 class CoreExport DNS : public EventHandler
331 * Creator/Owner object
333 InspIRCd* ServerInstance;
336 * The maximum value of a dns request id,
337 * 16 bits wide, 0xFFFF.
339 static const int MAX_REQUEST_ID = 0xFFFF;
342 * A counter used to form part of the pseudo-random id
347 * We have to turn off a few checks on received packets
348 * when people are using 4in6 (e.g. ::ffff:xxxx). This is
349 * a temporary kludge, Please let me know if you know how
355 * Currently cached items
359 /** A timer which ticks every hour to remove expired
360 * items from the DNS cache.
362 class CacheTimer* PruneTimer;
365 * Build a dns packet payload
367 int MakePayload(const char* name, const QueryType rr, const unsigned short rr_class, unsigned char* payload);
372 * Server address being used currently
381 * Currently active Resolver classes
383 Resolver* Classes[MAX_REQUEST_ID];
386 * Requests that are currently 'in flight'
388 DNSRequest* requests[MAX_REQUEST_ID];
391 * The port number DNS requests are made on,
392 * and replies have as a source-port number.
394 static const int QUERY_PORT = 53;
397 * Fill an rr (resource record) with data from input
399 static void FillResourceRecord(ResourceRecord* rr, const unsigned char* input);
402 * Fill a header with data from input limited by a length
404 static void FillHeader(DNSHeader *header, const unsigned char *input, const int length);
407 * Empty out a header into a data stream ready for transmission "on the wire"
409 static void EmptyHeader(unsigned char *output, const DNSHeader *header, const int length);
412 * Start the lookup of an ipv4 from a hostname
414 int GetIP(const char* name);
417 * Start the lookup of a hostname from an ip,
418 * always using the protocol inspircd is built for,
419 * e.g. use ipv6 reverse lookup when built for ipv6,
420 * or ipv4 lookup when built for ipv4.
422 int GetName(const insp_inaddr* ip);
425 * Start lookup of a hostname from an ip, but
426 * force a specific protocol to be used for the lookup
427 * for example to perform an ipv6 reverse lookup.
429 int GetNameForce(const char *ip, ForceProtocol fp);
432 * Start lookup of an ipv6 from a hostname
434 int GetIP6(const char *name);
437 * Start lookup of a CNAME from another hostname
439 int GetCName(const char* alias);
442 * Fetch the result string (an ip or host)
443 * and/or an error message to go with it.
444 * @param resultnum Result number to fetch
446 DNSResult GetResult(int resultnum);
449 * Handle a SocketEngine read event
450 * Inherited from EventHandler
452 void HandleEvent(EventType et, int errornum = 0);
455 * Add a Resolver* to the list of active classes
457 bool AddResolverClass(Resolver* r);
460 * Add a query to the list to be sent
462 DNSRequest* AddQuery(DNSHeader *header, int &id, const char* original);
465 * The constructor initialises the dns socket,
466 * and clears the request lists.
468 DNS(InspIRCd* Instance);
471 * Re-initialize the DNS subsystem.
480 /** Portable random number generator, generates
481 * its random number from the ircd stats counters,
482 * effective user id, time of day and the rollover
485 unsigned long PRNG();
488 * Turn an in6_addr into a .ip6.arpa domain
490 static void MakeIP6Int(char* query, const in6_addr *ip);
493 * Clean out all dns resolvers owned by a particular
494 * module, to make unloading a module safe if there
495 * are dns requests currently in progress.
497 void CleanResolvers(Module* module);
499 /** Return the cached value of an IP or hostname
500 * @param source An IP or hostname to find in the cache.
501 * @return A pointer to a CachedQuery if the item exists,
504 CachedQuery* GetCache(const std::string &source);
506 /** Delete a cached item from the DNS cache.
507 * @param source An IP or hostname to remove
509 void DelCache(const std::string &source);
511 /** Clear all items from the DNS cache immediately.
515 /** Prune the DNS cache, e.g. remove all expired
516 * items and rehash the cache buckets, but leave
517 * items in the hash which are still valid.