[user/henk/code/inspircd.git] / include / inspircd.h

/*       +------------------------------------+
 *       | Inspire Internet Relay Chat Daemon |
 *       +------------------------------------+
 *
 *  InspIRCd: (C) 2002-2008 InspIRCd Development Team
 * See: http://www.inspircd.org/wiki/index.php/Credits
 *
 * This program is free but copyrighted software; see
 *          the file COPYING for details.
 *
 * ---------------------------------------------------
 */

#ifndef __INSPIRCD_H__
#define __INSPIRCD_H__

#ifndef WIN32
#define DllExport 
#define CoreExport 
#define printf_c printf
#else
#include "inspircd_win32wrapper.h"
/** Windows defines these already */
#undef DELETE
#undef ERROR
#endif

// Required system headers.
#include <time.h>
#include <stdarg.h>

#include "inspircd_config.h"
#include "uid.h"
#include "users.h"
#include "channels.h"
#include "timer.h"
#include "hashcomp.h"
#include "typedefs.h"
#include "logger.h"
#include "usermanager.h"
#include "socket.h"
#include "ctables.h"
#include "command_parse.h"
#include "mode.h"
#include "socketengine.h"
#include "snomasks.h"
#include "cull_list.h"
#include "filelogger.h"
#include "caller.h"
#include "modules.h"
#include "configreader.h"
#include "inspstring.h"

/**
 * Used to define the maximum number of parameters a command may have.
 */
#define MAXPARAMETERS 127

/** Returned by some functions to indicate failure.
 */
#define ERROR -1

/** Support for librodent -
 * see http://www.chatspike.net/index.php?z=64
 */
#define ETIREDHAMSTERS EAGAIN

/** Template function to convert any input type to std::string
 */
template<typename T> inline std::string ConvNumeric(const T &in)
{
        if (in == 0) return "0";
        char res[MAXBUF];
        char* out = res;
        T quotient = in;
        while (quotient) {
                *out = "0123456789"[ std::abs( (long)quotient % 10 ) ];
                ++out;
                quotient /= 10;
        }
        if (in < 0)
                *out++ = '-';
        *out = 0;
        std::reverse(res,out);
        return res;
}

/** Template function to convert any input type to std::string
 */
inline std::string ConvToStr(const int in)
{
        return ConvNumeric(in);
}

/** Template function to convert any input type to std::string
 */
inline std::string ConvToStr(const long in)
{
        return ConvNumeric(in);
}

/** Template function to convert any input type to std::string
 */
inline std::string ConvToStr(const char* in)
{
        return in;
}

/** Template function to convert any input type to std::string
 */
inline std::string ConvToStr(const bool in)
{
        return (in ? "1" : "0");
}

/** Template function to convert any input type to std::string
 */
inline std::string ConvToStr(char in)
{
        return std::string(in,1);
}

/** Template function to convert any input type to std::string
 */
template <class T> inline std::string ConvToStr(const T &in)
{
        std::stringstream tmp;
        if (!(tmp << in)) return std::string();
        return tmp.str();
}

/** Template function to convert any input type to any other type
 * (usually an integer or numeric type)
 */
template<typename T> inline long ConvToInt(const T &in)
{
        std::stringstream tmp;
        if (!(tmp << in)) return 0;
        return atoi(tmp.str().c_str());
}

/** Template function to convert integer to char, storing result in *res and
 * also returning the pointer to res. Based on Stuart Lowe's C/C++ Pages.
 * @param T input value
 * @param V result value
 * @param R base to convert to
 */
template<typename T, typename V, typename R> inline char* itoa(const T &in, V *res, R base)
{
        if (base < 2 || base > 16) { *res = 0; return res; }
        char* out = res;
        int quotient = in;
        while (quotient) {
                *out = "0123456789abcdef"[ std::abs( quotient % base ) ];
                ++out;
                quotient /= base;
        }
        if ( in < 0 && base == 10) *out++ = '-';
        std::reverse( res, out );
        *out = 0;
        return res;
}

/** This class contains various STATS counters
 * It is used by the InspIRCd class, which internally
 * has an instance of it.
 */
class serverstats : public classbase
{
  public:
        /** Number of accepted connections
         */
        unsigned long statsAccept;
        /** Number of failed accepts
         */
        unsigned long statsRefused;
        /** Number of unknown commands seen
         */
        unsigned long statsUnknown;
        /** Number of nickname collisions handled
         */
        unsigned long statsCollisions;
        /** Number of DNS queries sent out
         */
        unsigned long statsDns;
        /** Number of good DNS replies received
         * NOTE: This may not tally to the number sent out,
         * due to timeouts and other latency issues.
         */
        unsigned long statsDnsGood;
        /** Number of bad (negative) DNS replies received
         * NOTE: This may not tally to the number sent out,
         * due to timeouts and other latency issues.
         */
        unsigned long statsDnsBad;
        /** Number of inbound connections seen
         */
        unsigned long statsConnects;
        /** Total bytes of data transmitted
         */
        double statsSent;
        /** Total bytes of data received
         */
        double statsRecv;
        /** Cpu usage at last sample
         */
        timeval LastCPU;
        /** Time last sample was read
         */
        timeval LastSampled;
        /** The constructor initializes all the counts to zero
         */
        serverstats()
                : statsAccept(0), statsRefused(0), statsUnknown(0), statsCollisions(0), statsDns(0),
                statsDnsGood(0), statsDnsBad(0), statsConnects(0), statsSent(0.0), statsRecv(0.0)
        {
        }
};

/** A list of failed port bindings, used for informational purposes on startup */
typedef std::vector<std::pair<std::string, long> > FailedPortList;

class InspIRCd;

DEFINE_HANDLER1(ProcessUserHandler, void, User*);
DEFINE_HANDLER1(IsNickHandler, bool, const char*);
DEFINE_HANDLER1(IsIdentHandler, bool, const char*);
DEFINE_HANDLER1(FindDescriptorHandler, User*, int);
DEFINE_HANDLER1(FloodQuitUserHandler, void, User*);

/* Forward declaration - required */
class XLineManager;
class BanCacheManager;

class CoreExport ConfigReaderThread : public Thread
{
        InspIRCd* ServerInstance;
        bool do_bail;
        User* TheUser;
 public:
        ConfigReaderThread(InspIRCd* Instance, bool bail, User* user) : Thread(), ServerInstance(Instance), do_bail(bail), TheUser(user)
        {
        }

        virtual ~ConfigReaderThread()
        {
        }

        void Run();
};

/** The main class of the irc server.
 * This class contains instances of all the other classes
 * in this software, with the exception of the base class,
 * classbase. Amongst other things, it contains a ModeParser,
 * a DNS object, a CommandParser object, and a list of active
 * Module objects, and facilities for Module objects to
 * interact with the core system it implements. You should
 * NEVER attempt to instantiate a class of type InspIRCd
 * yourself. If you do, this is equivalent to spawning a second
 * IRC server, and could have catastrophic consequences for the
 * program in terms of ram usage (basically, you could create
 * an obese forkbomb built from recursively spawning irc servers!)
 */
class CoreExport InspIRCd : public classbase
{
 private:
        /** Holds the current UID. Used to generate the next one.
         */
        char current_uid[UUID_LENGTH + 1];

        /** Set up the signal handlers
         */
        void SetSignals();

        /** Daemonize the ircd and close standard input/output streams
         * @return True if the program daemonized succesfully
         */
        bool DaemonSeed();

        /** Iterate the list of BufferedSocket objects, removing ones which have timed out
         * @param TIME the current time
         */
        void DoSocketTimeouts(time_t TIME);

        /** Sets up UID subsystem
         */
        void InitialiseUID();

        /** Perform background user events such as PING checks
         */
        void DoBackgroundUserStuff();

        /** Returns true when all modules have done pre-registration checks on a user
         * @param user The user to verify
         * @return True if all modules have finished checking this user
         */
        bool AllModulesReportReady(User* user);

        /** Logfile pathname specified on the commandline, or empty string
         */
        char LogFileName[MAXBUF];

        /** The current time, updated in the mainloop
         */
        time_t TIME;

        /** The time that was recorded last time around the mainloop
         */
        time_t OLDTIME;

        /** A 64k buffer used to read client lines into
         */
        char ReadBuffer[65535];

        /** Used when connecting clients
         */
        irc::sockets::insp_sockaddr client, server;

        /** Used when connecting clients
         */
        socklen_t length;

#ifdef WIN32
        IPC* WindowsIPC;
#endif

 public:

        /** Global cull list, will be processed on next iteration
         */
        CullList GlobalCulls;

        /**** Functors ****/

        ProcessUserHandler HandleProcessUser;
        IsNickHandler HandleIsNick;
        IsIdentHandler HandleIsIdent;
        FindDescriptorHandler HandleFindDescriptor;
        FloodQuitUserHandler HandleFloodQuitUser;

        /** BufferedSocket classes pending deletion after being closed.
         * We don't delete these immediately as this may cause a segmentation fault.
         */
        std::map<BufferedSocket*,BufferedSocket*> SocketCull;

        /** Globally accessible fake user record. This is used to force mode changes etc across s2s, etc.. bit ugly, but.. better than how this was done in 1.1
         * Reason for it:
         * kludge alert!
         * SendMode expects a User* to send the numeric replies
         * back to, so we create it a fake user that isnt in the user
         * hash and set its descriptor to FD_MAGIC_NUMBER so the data
         * falls into the abyss :p
         */
        User *FakeClient;

        /** Returns the next available UID for this server.
         */
        std::string GetUID();

        /** Find a user in the UUID hash
         * @param nick The nickname to find
         * @return A pointer to the user, or NULL if the user does not exist
         */
        User *FindUUID(const std::string &);

        /** Find a user in the UUID hash
         * @param nick The nickname to find
         * @return A pointer to the user, or NULL if the user does not exist
         */
        User *FindUUID(const char *);

        /** Build the ISUPPORT string by triggering all modules On005Numeric events
         */
        void BuildISupport();

        /** List of server names we've seen.
         */
        servernamelist servernames;

        /** Time this ircd was booted
         */
        time_t startup_time;

        /** Config file pathname specified on the commandline or via ./configure
         */
        char ConfigFileName[MAXBUF];

        /** Mode handler, handles mode setting and removal
         */
        ModeParser* Modes;

        /** Command parser, handles client to server commands
         */
        CommandParser* Parser;

        /** Socket engine, handles socket activity events
         */
        SocketEngine* SE;

        /** Thread engine, Handles threading where required
         */
        ThreadEngine* Threads;

        /** The thread/class used to read config files in REHASH and on startup
         */
        ConfigReaderThread* ConfigThread;

        /** LogManager handles logging.
         */
        LogManager *Logs;
        
        /** ModuleManager contains everything related to loading/unloading
         * modules.
         */
        ModuleManager* Modules;

        /** BanCacheManager is used to speed up checking of restrictions on connection
         * to the IRCd.
         */
        BanCacheManager *BanCache;

        /** Stats class, holds miscellaneous stats counters
         */
        serverstats* stats;

        /**  Server Config class, holds configuration file data
         */
        ServerConfig* Config;

        /** Snomask manager - handles routing of snomask messages
         * to opers.
         */
        SnomaskManager* SNO;

        /** DNS class, provides resolver facilities to the core and modules
         */
        DNS* Res;

        /** Timer manager class, triggers Timer timer events
         */
        TimerManager* Timers;

        /** X-Line manager. Handles G/K/Q/E line setting, removal and matching
         */
        XLineManager* XLines;

        /** User manager. Various methods and data associated with users.
         */
        UserManager *Users;

        /** Channel list, a hash_map containing all channels XXX move to channel manager class
         */
        chan_hash* chanlist;

        /** Set to the current signal recieved
         */
        int s_signal;

        /** Get the current time
         * Because this only calls time() once every time around the mainloop,
         * it is much faster than calling time() directly.
         * @return The current time as an epoch value (time_t)
         */
        time_t Time();

        /** Process a user whos socket has been flagged as active
         * @param cu The user to process
         * @return There is no actual return value, however upon exit, the user 'cu' may have been
         * marked for deletion in the global CullList.
         */
        caller1<void, User*> ProcessUser;

        /** Bind all ports specified in the configuration file.
         * @param bail True if the function should bail back to the shell on failure
         * @param found_ports The actual number of ports found in the config, as opposed to the number actually bound
         * @return The number of ports actually bound without error
         */
        int BindPorts(bool bail, int &found_ports, FailedPortList &failed_ports);

        /** Binds a socket on an already open file descriptor
         * @param sockfd A valid file descriptor of an open socket
         * @param port The port number to bind to
         * @param addr The address to bind to (IP only)
         * @return True if the port was bound successfully
         */
        bool BindSocket(int sockfd, int port, const char* addr, bool dolisten = true);

        /** Adds a server name to the list of servers we've seen
         * @param The servername to add
         */
        void AddServerName(const std::string &servername);

        /** Finds a cached char* pointer of a server name,
         * This is used to optimize User by storing only the pointer to the name
         * @param The servername to find
         * @return A pointer to this name, gauranteed to never become invalid
         */
        const char* FindServerNamePtr(const std::string &servername);

        /** Returns true if we've seen the given server name before
         * @param The servername to find
         * @return True if we've seen this server name before
         */
        bool FindServerName(const std::string &servername);

        /** Gets the GECOS (description) field of the given server.
         * If the servername is not that of the local server, the name
         * is passed to handling modules which will attempt to determine
         * the GECOS that bleongs to the given servername.
         * @param servername The servername to find the description of
         * @return The description of this server, or of the local server
         */
        std::string GetServerDescription(const char* servername);

        /** Find a user in the nick hash.
         * If the user cant be found in the nick hash check the uuid hash
         * @param nick The nickname to find
         * @return A pointer to the user, or NULL if the user does not exist
         */
        User* FindNick(const std::string &nick);

        /** Find a user in the nick hash.
         * If the user cant be found in the nick hash check the uuid hash
         * @param nick The nickname to find
         * @return A pointer to the user, or NULL if the user does not exist
         */
        User* FindNick(const char* nick);

        /** Find a user in the nick hash ONLY
         */
        User* FindNickOnly(const char* nick);

        /** Find a user in the nick hash ONLY
         */
        User* FindNickOnly(const std::string &nick);

        /** Find a channel in the channels hash
         * @param chan The channel to find
         * @return A pointer to the channel, or NULL if the channel does not exist
         */
        Channel* FindChan(const std::string &chan);

        /** Find a channel in the channels hash
         * @param chan The channel to find
         * @return A pointer to the channel, or NULL if the channel does not exist
         */
        Channel* FindChan(const char* chan);

        /** Check for a 'die' tag in the config file, and abort if found
         * @return Depending on the configuration, this function may never return
         */
        void CheckDie();

        /** Check we aren't running as root, and exit if we are
         * @return Depending on the configuration, this function may never return
         */
        void CheckRoot();

        /** Determine the right path for, and open, the logfile
         * @param argv The argv passed to main() initially, used to calculate program path
         * @param argc The argc passed to main() initially, used to calculate program path
         * @return True if the log could be opened, false if otherwise
         */
        bool OpenLog(char** argv, int argc);

        /** Return true if a channel name is valid
         * @param chname A channel name to verify
         * @return True if the name is valid
         */
        bool IsChannel(const char *chname);

        /** Return true if str looks like a server ID
         * @param string to check against
         */
        bool IsSID(const std::string &str);

        /** Rehash the local server
         */
        void Rehash();

        /** Handles incoming signals after being set
         * @param signal the signal recieved
         */
        void SignalHandler(int signal);

        /** Sets the signal recieved    
         * @param signal the signal recieved
         */
        static void SetSignal(int signal);

        /** Causes the server to exit after unloading modules and
         * closing all open file descriptors.
         *
         * @param The exit code to give to the operating system
         * (See the ExitStatus enum for valid values)
         */
        void Exit(int status);

        /** Causes the server to exit immediately with exit code 0.
         * The status code is required for signal handlers, and ignored.
         */
        static void QuickExit(int status);

        /** Return a count of channels on the network
         * @return The number of channels
         */
        long ChannelCount();

        /** Send an error notice to all local users, opered and unopered
         * @param s The error string to send
         */
        void SendError(const std::string &s);

        /** Return true if a nickname is valid
         * @param n A nickname to verify
         * @return True if the nick is valid
         */
        caller1<bool, const char*> IsNick;

        /** Return true if an ident is valid
         * @param An ident to verify
         * @return True if the ident is valid
         */
        caller1<bool, const char*> IsIdent;

        /** Find a username by their file descriptor.
         * It is preferred to use this over directly accessing the fd_ref_table array.
         * @param socket The file descriptor of a user
         * @return A pointer to the user if the user exists locally on this descriptor
         */
        caller1<User*, int> FindDescriptor;

        /** Add a dns Resolver class to this server's active set
         * @param r The resolver to add
         * @param cached If this value is true, then the cache will
         * be searched for the DNS result, immediately. If the value is
         * false, then a request will be sent to the nameserver, and the
         * result will not be immediately available. You should usually
         * use the boolean value which you passed to the Resolver
         * constructor, which Resolver will set appropriately depending
         * on if cached results are available and haven't expired. It is
         * however safe to force this value to false, forcing a remote DNS
         * lookup, but not an update of the cache.
         * @return True if the operation completed successfully. Note that
         * if this method returns true, you should not attempt to access
         * the resolver class you pass it after this call, as depending upon
         * the request given, the object may be deleted!
         */
        bool AddResolver(Resolver* r, bool cached);

        /** Add a command to this server's command parser
         * @param f A Command command handler object to add
         * @throw ModuleException Will throw ModuleExcption if the command already exists
         */
        void AddCommand(Command *f);

        /** Send a modechange.
         * The parameters provided are identical to that sent to the
         * handler for class cmd_mode.
         * @param parameters The mode parameters
         * @param pcnt The number of items you have given in the first parameter
         * @param user The user to send error messages to
         */
        void SendMode(const char* const* parameters, int pcnt, User *user);

        /** Match two strings using pattern matching.
         * This operates identically to the global function match(),
         * except for that it takes std::string arguments rather than
         * const char* ones.
         * @param sliteral The literal string to match against
         * @param spattern The pattern to match against. CIDR and globs are supported.
         */
        bool MatchText(const std::string &sliteral, const std::string &spattern);

        /** Call the handler for a given command.
         * @param commandname The command whos handler you wish to call
         * @param parameters The mode parameters
         * @param pcnt The number of items you have given in the first parameter
         * @param user The user to execute the command as
         * @return True if the command handler was called successfully
         */
        CmdResult CallCommandHandler(const std::string &commandname, const char* const* parameters, int pcnt, User* user);

        /** Return true if the command is a module-implemented command and the given parameters are valid for it
         * @param parameters The mode parameters
         * @param pcnt The number of items you have given in the first parameter
         * @param user The user to test-execute the command as
         * @return True if the command handler is a module command, and there are enough parameters and the user has permission to the command
         */
        bool IsValidModuleCommand(const std::string &commandname, int pcnt, User* user);

        /** Return true if the given parameter is a valid nick!user\@host mask
         * @param mask A nick!user\@host masak to match against
         * @return True i the mask is valid
         */
        bool IsValidMask(const std::string &mask);

        /** Rehash the local server
         */
        void RehashServer();

        /** Return the channel whos index number matches that provided
         * @param The index number of the channel to fetch
         * @return A channel record, or NUll if index < 0 or index >= InspIRCd::ChannelCount()
         */
        Channel* GetChannelIndex(long index);

        /** Dump text to a user target, splitting it appropriately to fit
         * @param User the user to dump the text to
         * @param LinePrefix text to prefix each complete line with
         * @param TextStream the text to send to the user
         */
        void DumpText(User* User, const std::string &LinePrefix, std::stringstream &TextStream);

        /** Check if the given nickmask matches too many users, send errors to the given user
         * @param nick A nickmask to match against
         * @param user A user to send error text to
         * @return True if the nick matches too many users
         */
        bool NickMatchesEveryone(const std::string &nick, User* user);

        /** Check if the given IP mask matches too many users, send errors to the given user
         * @param ip An ipmask to match against
         * @param user A user to send error text to
         * @return True if the ip matches too many users
         */
        bool IPMatchesEveryone(const std::string &ip, User* user);

        /** Check if the given hostmask matches too many users, send errors to the given user
         * @param mask A hostmask to match against
         * @param user A user to send error text to
         * @return True if the host matches too many users
         */
        bool HostMatchesEveryone(const std::string &mask, User* user);

        /** Calculate a duration in seconds from a string in the form 1y2w3d4h6m5s
         * @param str A string containing a time in the form 1y2w3d4h6m5s
         * (one year, two weeks, three days, four hours, six minutes and five seconds)
         * @return The total number of seconds
         */
        long Duration(const std::string &str);

        /** Attempt to compare a password to a string from the config file.
         * This will be passed to handling modules which will compare the data
         * against possible hashed equivalents in the input string.
         * @param ex The object (user, server, whatever) causing the comparison.
         * @param data The data from the config file
         * @param input The data input by the oper
         * @param hashtype The hash from the config file
         * @return 0 if the strings match, 1 or -1 if they do not
         */
        int PassCompare(Extensible* ex, const char* data,const char* input, const char* hashtype);

        /** Check if a given server is a uline.
         * An empty string returns true, this is by design.
         * @param server The server to check for uline status
         * @return True if the server is a uline OR the string is empty
         */
        bool ULine(const char* server);

        /** Returns true if the uline is 'silent' (doesnt generate
         * remote connect notices etc).
         */
        bool SilentULine(const char* server);

        /** Returns the subversion revision ID of this ircd
         * @return The revision ID or an empty string
         */
        std::string GetRevision();

        /** Returns the full version string of this ircd
         * @return The version string
         */
        std::string GetVersionString();

        /** Attempt to write the process id to a given file
         * @param filename The PID file to attempt to write to
         * @return This function may bail if the file cannot be written
         */
        void WritePID(const std::string &filename);

        /** This constructor initialises all the subsystems and reads the config file.
         * @param argc The argument count passed to main()
         * @param argv The argument list passed to main()
         * @throw <anything> If anything is thrown from here and makes it to
         * you, you should probably just give up and go home. Yes, really.
         * It's that bad. Higher level classes should catch any non-fatal exceptions.
         */
        InspIRCd(int argc, char** argv);

        /** Output a log message to the ircd.log file
         * The text will only be output if the current loglevel
         * is less than or equal to the level you provide
         * @param level A log level from the DebugLevel enum
         * @param text Format string of to write to the log
         * @param ... Format arguments of text to write to the log
         */
        void Log(int level, const char* text, ...);

        /** Output a log message to the ircd.log file
         * The text will only be output if the current loglevel
         * is less than or equal to the level you provide
         * @param level A log level from the DebugLevel enum
         * @param text Text to write to the log
         */
        void Log(int level, const std::string &text);

        /** Send a line of WHOIS data to a user.
         * @param user user to send the line to
         * @param dest user being WHOISed
         * @param numeric Numeric to send
         * @param text Text of the numeric
         */
        void SendWhoisLine(User* user, User* dest, int numeric, const std::string &text);

        /** Send a line of WHOIS data to a user.
         * @param user user to send the line to
         * @param dest user being WHOISed
         * @param numeric Numeric to send
         * @param format Format string for the numeric
         * @param ... Parameters for the format string
         */
        void SendWhoisLine(User* user, User* dest, int numeric, const char* format, ...);

        /** Quit a user for excess flood, and if they are not
         * fully registered yet, temporarily zline their IP.
         * @param current user to quit
         */
        caller1<void, User*> FloodQuitUser;

        /** Restart the server.
         * This function will not return. If an error occurs,
         * it will throw an instance of CoreException.
         * @param reason The restart reason to show to all clients
         * @throw CoreException An instance of CoreException indicating the error from execv().
         */
        void Restart(const std::string &reason);

        /** Prepare the ircd for restart or shutdown.
         * This function unloads all modules which can be unloaded,
         * closes all open sockets, and closes the logfile.
         */
        void Cleanup();

        /** This copies the user and channel hash_maps into new hash maps.
         * This frees memory used by the hash_map allocator (which it neglects
         * to free, most of the time, using tons of ram)
         */
        void RehashUsersAndChans();

        /** Resets the cached max bans value on all channels.
         * Called by rehash.
         */
        void ResetMaxBans();

        /** Return a time_t as a human-readable string.
         */
        std::string TimeString(time_t curtime);

        /** Begin execution of the server.
         * NOTE: this function NEVER returns. Internally,
         * it will repeatedly loop.
         * @return The return value for this function is undefined.
         */
        int Run();

        /** Force all BufferedSockets to be removed which are due to
         * be culled.
         */
        void BufferedSocketCull();

        char* GetReadBuffer()
        {
                return this->ReadBuffer;
        }
};

#endif