[user/henk/code/inspircd.git] / include / users.h

/*       +------------------------------------+
 *       | Inspire Internet Relay Chat Daemon |
 *       +------------------------------------+
 *
 *  InspIRCd: (C) 2002-2008 InspIRCd Development Team
 * See: http://www.inspircd.org/wiki/index.php/Credits
 *
 * This program is free but copyrighted software; see
 *            the file COPYING for details.
 *
 * ---------------------------------------------------
 */

#ifndef __USERS_H__
#define __USERS_H__

#include <string>
#include "inspircd_config.h"
#include "socket.h"
#include "channels.h"
#include "inspstring.h"
#include "connection.h"
#include "hashcomp.h"
#include "dns.h"

/** Channel status for a user
 */
enum ChanStatus {
        /** Op */
        STATUS_OP     = 4,
        /** Halfop */
        STATUS_HOP    = 2,
        /** Voice */
        STATUS_VOICE  = 1,
        /** None */
        STATUS_NORMAL = 0
};

/** connect class types
 */
enum ClassTypes {
        /** connect:allow */
        CC_ALLOW = 0,
        /** connect:deny */
        CC_DENY  = 1
};

/** RFC1459 channel modes
 */
enum UserModes {
        /** +s: Server notices */
        UM_SERVERNOTICE = 's' - 65,
        /** +w: WALLOPS */
        UM_WALLOPS = 'w' - 65,
        /** +i: Invisible */
        UM_INVISIBLE = 'i' - 65,
        /** +o: Operator */
        UM_OPERATOR = 'o' - 65,
        /** +n: Server notice mask */
        UM_SNOMASK = 'n' - 65
};

/** Registration state of a user, e.g.
 * have they sent USER, NICK, PASS yet?
 */
enum RegistrationState {

#ifndef WIN32   // Burlex: This is already defined in win32, luckily it is still 0.
        REG_NONE = 0,           /* Has sent nothing */
#endif

        REG_USER = 1,           /* Has sent USER */
        REG_NICK = 2,           /* Has sent NICK */
        REG_NICKUSER = 3,       /* Bitwise combination of REG_NICK and REG_USER */
        REG_ALL = 7             /* REG_NICKUSER plus next bit along */
};

/* Required forward declaration */
class InspIRCd;

/** Derived from Resolver, and performs user forward/reverse lookups.
 */
class CoreExport UserResolver : public Resolver
{
 private:
        /** User this class is 'attached' to.
         */
        User* bound_user;
        /** File descriptor teh lookup is bound to
         */
        int bound_fd;
        /** True if the lookup is forward, false if is a reverse lookup
         */
        bool fwd;
 public:
        /** Create a resolver.
         * @param Instance The creating instance
         * @param user The user to begin lookup on
         * @param to_resolve The IP or host to resolve
         * @param qt The query type
         * @param cache Modified by the constructor if the result was cached
         */
        UserResolver(InspIRCd* Instance, User* user, std::string to_resolve, QueryType qt, bool &cache);

        /** Called on successful lookup
         * @param result Result string
         * @param ttl Time to live for result
         * @param cached True if the result was found in the cache
         * @param resultnum Result number, we are only interested in result 0
         */
        void OnLookupComplete(const std::string &result, unsigned int ttl, bool cached, int resultnum = 0);

        /** Called on failed lookup
         * @param e Error code
         * @param errormessage Error message string
         */
        void OnError(ResolverError e, const std::string &errormessage);
};


/** Holds information relevent to &lt;connect allow&gt; and &lt;connect deny&gt; tags in the config file.
 */
class CoreExport ConnectClass : public classbase
{
 private:
        /** Type of line, either CC_ALLOW or CC_DENY
         */
        char type;
        /** Connect class name
         */
        std::string name;
        /** Max time to register the connection in seconds
         */
        unsigned int registration_timeout;
        /** Number of lines in buffer before excess flood is triggered
         */
        unsigned int flood;
        /** Host mask for this line
         */
        std::string host;
        /** Number of seconds between pings for this line
         */
        unsigned int pingtime;
        /** (Optional) Password for this line
         */
        std::string pass;

        /** Threshold value for flood disconnect
         */
        unsigned int threshold;

        /** Maximum size of sendq for users in this class (bytes)
         */
        unsigned long sendqmax;

        /** Maximum size of recvq for users in this class (bytes)
         */
        unsigned long recvqmax;

        /** Local max when connecting by this connection class
         */
        unsigned long maxlocal;

        /** Global max when connecting by this connection class
         */
        unsigned long maxglobal;

        /** Max channels for this class
         */
        unsigned int maxchans;

        /** Port number this connect class applies to
         */
        int port;

public:

        /** Create a new connect class based on an existing connect class. This is required for std::vector (at least under windows).
         */
        ConnectClass(const ConnectClass* source) : classbase(), type(source->type), name(source->name),
                registration_timeout(source->registration_timeout), flood(source->flood), host(source->host),
                pingtime(source->pingtime), pass(source->pass), threshold(source->threshold), sendqmax(source->sendqmax),
                recvqmax(source->recvqmax), maxlocal(source->maxlocal), maxglobal(source->maxglobal), maxchans(source->maxchans),
                port(source->port), RefCount(0), disabled(false), limit(0)
        {
        }

        /** Create a new connect class with no settings.
         */
        ConnectClass() : type(CC_DENY), name("unnamed"), registration_timeout(0), flood(0), host(""), pingtime(0), pass(""),
                        threshold(0), sendqmax(0), recvqmax(0), maxlocal(0), maxglobal(0), RefCount(0), disabled(false), limit(0)
        {
        }

        /** Create a new connect class to ALLOW connections.
         * @param thename Name of the connect class
         * @param timeout The registration timeout
         * @param fld The flood value
         * @param hst The IP mask to allow
         * @param ping The ping frequency
         * @param pas The password to be used
         * @param thres The flooding threshold
         * @param sendq The maximum sendq value
         * @param recvq The maximum recvq value
         * @param maxl The maximum local sessions
         * @param maxg The maximum global sessions
         */
        ConnectClass(const std::string &thename, unsigned int timeout, unsigned int fld, const std::string &hst, unsigned int ping,
                        const std::string &pas, unsigned int thres, unsigned long sendq, unsigned long recvq,
                        unsigned long maxl, unsigned long maxg, unsigned int maxc, int p = 0) :
                        type(CC_ALLOW), name(thename), registration_timeout(timeout), flood(fld), host(hst), pingtime(ping), pass(pas),
                        threshold(thres), sendqmax(sendq), recvqmax(recvq), maxlocal(maxl), maxglobal(maxg), maxchans(maxc), port(p), RefCount(0), disabled(false), limit(0) { }

        /** Create a new connect class to DENY connections
         * @param thename Name of the connect class
         * @param hst The IP mask to deny
         */
        ConnectClass(const std::string &thename, const std::string &hst) : type(CC_DENY), name(thename), registration_timeout(0),
                        flood(0), host(hst), pingtime(0), pass(""), threshold(0), sendqmax(0), recvqmax(0), maxlocal(0), maxglobal(0), maxchans(0), port(0), RefCount(0), disabled(false), limit(0)
        {
        }

        /* Create a new connect class based on another class
         * @param thename The name of the connect class
         * @param source Another connect class to inherit all but the name from
         */
        ConnectClass(const std::string &thename, const ConnectClass* source) : type(source->type), name(thename),
                                registration_timeout(source->registration_timeout), flood(source->flood), host(source->host),
                                pingtime(source->pingtime), pass(source->pass), threshold(source->threshold), sendqmax(source->sendqmax),
                                recvqmax(source->recvqmax), maxlocal(source->maxlocal), maxglobal(source->maxglobal), maxchans(source->maxchans),
                                port(source->port), RefCount(0), disabled(false), limit(0)
        {
        }

        void SetDisabled(bool t)
        {
                this->disabled = t;
        }

        bool GetDisabled()
        {
                return this->disabled;
        }

        /* Update an existing entry with new values
         */
        void Update(unsigned int timeout, unsigned int fld, const std::string &hst, unsigned int ping,
                                const std::string &pas, unsigned int thres, unsigned long sendq, unsigned long recvq,
                                unsigned long maxl, unsigned long maxg, unsigned int maxc, int p, unsigned long limit)
        {
                if (timeout)
                        registration_timeout = timeout;
                if (fld)
                        flood = fld;
                if (!hst.empty())
                        host = hst;
                if (ping)
                        pingtime = ping;
                if (!pas.empty())
                        pass = pas;
                if (thres)
                        threshold = thres;
                if (sendq)
                        sendqmax = sendq;
                if (recvq)
                        recvqmax = recvq;
                if (maxl)
                        maxlocal = maxl;
                if (maxg)
                        maxglobal = maxg;
                if (maxc)
                        maxchans = maxc;
                if (p)
                        port = p;

                this->limit = limit;
        }

        /** Reference counter. Contains an int as to how many users are connected to this class. :)
         * This will be 0 if no users are connected. If a <connect> is removed from the config, and there
         * are 0 users on it - it will go away in RAM. :)
         */
        unsigned long RefCount;

        /** If this is true, any attempt to set a user to this class will fail. Default false. This is really private, it's only in the public section thanks to the way this class is written
         */
        bool disabled;

        /** How many users may be in this connect class before they are refused? (0 = disabled = default)
         */
        unsigned long limit;

        int GetMaxChans()
        {
                return maxchans;
        }

        /** Returns the type, CC_ALLOW or CC_DENY
         */
        char GetType()
        {
                return (type == CC_ALLOW ? CC_ALLOW : CC_DENY);
        }

        std::string& GetName()
        {
                return name;
        }

        /** Returns the registration timeout
         */
        unsigned int GetRegTimeout()
        {
                return (registration_timeout ? registration_timeout : 90);
        }

        /** Returns the flood limit
         */
        unsigned int GetFlood()
        {
                return (threshold ? flood : 999);
        }

        /** Returns the allowed or denied IP mask
         */
        const std::string& GetHost()
        {
                return host;
        }

        /** Get port number
         */
        int GetPort()
        {
                return port;
        }

        /** Set port number
         */
        void SetPort(int p)
        {
                port = p;
        }

        /** Returns the ping frequency
         */
        unsigned int GetPingTime()
        {
                return (pingtime ? pingtime : 120);
        }

        /** Returns the password or an empty string
         */
        const std::string& GetPass()
        {
                return pass;
        }

        /** Returns the flood threshold value
         */
        unsigned int GetThreshold()
        {
                return (threshold ? threshold : 1);
        }

        /** Returns the maximum sendq value
         */
        unsigned long GetSendqMax()
        {
                return (sendqmax ? sendqmax : 262114);
        }

        /** Returns the maximum recvq value
         */
        unsigned long GetRecvqMax()
        {
                return (recvqmax ? recvqmax : 4096);
        }

        /** Returusn the maximum number of local sessions
         */
        unsigned long GetMaxLocal()
        {
                return maxlocal;
        }

        /** Returns the maximum number of global sessions
         */
        unsigned long GetMaxGlobal()
        {
                return maxglobal;
        }
};

/** Holds a complete list of all channels to which a user has been invited and has not yet joined.
 */
typedef std::vector<irc::string> InvitedList;

/** Holds a complete list of all allow and deny tags from the configuration file (connection classes)
 */
typedef std::vector<ConnectClass*> ClassVector;

/** Typedef for the list of user-channel records for a user
 */
typedef std::map<Channel*, char> UserChanList;

/** Shorthand for an iterator into a UserChanList
 */
typedef UserChanList::iterator UCListIter;

/* Required forward declaration
 */
class User;

/** Visibility data for a user.
 * If a user has a non-null instance of this class in their User,
 * then it is used to determine if this user is visible to other users
 * or not.
 */
class CoreExport VisData
{
 public:
        /** Create a visdata
         */
        VisData();
        /** Destroy a visdata
         */
        virtual ~VisData();
        /** Is this user visible to some other user?
         * @param user The other user to compare to
         * @return true True if the user is visible to the other user, false if not
         */
        virtual bool VisibleTo(User* user);
};

/** Holds all information about a user
 * This class stores all information about a user connected to the irc server. Everything about a
 * connection is stored here primarily, from the user's socket ID (file descriptor) through to the
 * user's nickname and hostname. Use the FindNick method of the InspIRCd class to locate a specific user
 * by nickname, or the FindDescriptor method of the InspIRCd class to find a specific user by their
 * file descriptor value.
 */
class CoreExport User : public connection
{
 private:
        /** Pointer to creator.
         * This is required to make use of core functions
         * from within the User class.
         */
        InspIRCd* ServerInstance;

        /** A list of channels the user has a pending invite to.
         * Upon INVITE channels are added, and upon JOIN, the
         * channels are removed from this list.
         */
        InvitedList invites;

        /** Number of channels this user is currently on
         */
        unsigned int ChannelCount;

        /** Cached nick!ident@host value using the real hostname
         */
        char* cached_fullhost;

        /** Cached nick!ident@ip value using the real IP address
         */
        char* cached_hostip;

        /** Cached nick!ident@host value using the masked hostname
         */
        char* cached_makehost;

        /** Cached nick!ident@realhost value using the real hostname
         */
        char* cached_fullrealhost;

        /** When we erase the user (in the destructor),
         * we call this method to subtract one from all
         * mode characters this user is making use of.
         */
        void DecrementModes();

        /** Oper-only quit message for this user if non-null
         */
        char* operquit;

        /** Max channels for this user
         */
        unsigned int MaxChans;

        std::map<std::string, bool>* AllowedOperCommands;

 public:
        /** Contains a pointer to the connect class a user is on from - this will be NULL for remote connections.
         * The pointer is guarenteed to *always* be valid. :)
         */
        ConnectClass *MyClass;

        /** Resolvers for looking up this users IP address
         * This will occur if and when res_reverse completes.
         * When this class completes its lookup, User::dns_done
         * will be set from false to true.
         */
        UserResolver* res_forward;

        /** Resolvers for looking up this users hostname
         * This is instantiated by User::StartDNSLookup(),
         * and on success, instantiates User::res_reverse.
         */
        UserResolver* res_reverse;

        /** User visibility state, see definition of VisData.
         */
        VisData* Visibility;

        /** Stored reverse lookup from res_forward
         */
        std::string stored_host;

        /** Starts a DNS lookup of the user's IP.
         * This will cause two UserResolver classes to be instantiated.
         * When complete, these objects set User::dns_done to true.
         */
        void StartDNSLookup();

        unsigned int GetMaxChans();

        /** The users nickname.
         * An invalid nickname indicates an unregistered connection prior to the NICK command.
         * Use InspIRCd::IsNick() to validate nicknames.
         */
        char nick[NICKMAX];

        /** The user's unique identifier.
         * This is the unique identifier which the user has across the network.
         */
        char uuid[UUID_LENGTH];

        /** The users ident reply.
         * Two characters are added to the user-defined limit to compensate for the tilde etc.
         */
        char ident[IDENTMAX+2];

        /** The host displayed to non-opers (used for cloaking etc).
         * This usually matches the value of User::host.
         */
        char dhost[65];

        /** The users full name (GECOS).
         */
        char fullname[MAXGECOS+1];

        /** The user's mode list.
         * This is NOT a null terminated string! In the 1.1 version of InspIRCd
         * this is an array of values in a similar way to channel modes.
         * A value of 1 in field (modeletter-65) indicates that the mode is
         * set, for example, to work out if mode +s is set, we  check the field
         * User::modes['s'-65] != 0.
         * The following RFC characters o, w, s, i have constants defined via an
         * enum, such as UM_SERVERNOTICE and UM_OPETATOR.
         */
        char modes[64];

        /** What snomasks are set on this user.
         * This functions the same as the above modes.
         */
        char snomasks[64];

        /** Channels this user is on, and the permissions they have there
         */
        UserChanList chans;

        /** The server the user is connected to.
         */
        const char* server;

        /** The user's away message.
         * If this string is empty, the user is not marked as away.
         */
        char awaymsg[MAXAWAY+1];

        /** Timestamp of current time + connection class timeout.
         * This user must send USER/NICK before this timestamp is
         * reached or they will be disconnected.
         */
        time_t timeout;

        /** The oper type they logged in as, if they are an oper.
         * This is used to check permissions in operclasses, so that
         * we can say 'yay' or 'nay' to any commands they issue.
         * The value of this is the value of a valid 'type name=' tag.
         */
        char oper[NICKMAX];

        /** True when DNS lookups are completed.
         * The UserResolver classes res_forward and res_reverse will
         * set this value once they complete.
         */
        bool dns_done;

        /** Password specified by the user when they registered.
         * This is stored even if the <connect> block doesnt need a password, so that
         * modules may check it.
         */
        char password[64];

        /** User's receive queue.
         * Lines from the IRCd awaiting processing are stored here.
         * Upgraded april 2005, old system a bit hairy.
         */
        std::string recvq;

        /** User's send queue.
         * Lines waiting to be sent are stored here until their buffer is flushed.
         */
        std::string sendq;

        /** Flood counters - lines received
         */
        unsigned int lines_in;

        /** Flood counters - time lines_in is due to be reset
         */
        time_t reset_due;

        /** If this is set to true, then all read operations for the user
         * are dropped into the bit-bucket.
         * This is used by the global CullList, but please note that setting this value
         * alone will NOT cause the user to quit. This means it can be used seperately,
         * for example by shun modules etc.
         */
        bool muted;

        /** IPV4 or IPV6 ip address. Use SetSockAddr to set this and GetProtocolFamily/
         * GetIPString/GetPort to obtain its values.
         */
        sockaddr* ip;

        /** Initialize the clients sockaddr
         * @param protocol_family The protocol family of the IP address, AF_INET or AF_INET6
         * @param ip A human-readable IP address for this user matching the protcol_family
         * @param port The port number of this user or zero for a remote user
         */
        void SetSockAddr(int protocol_family, const char* ip, int port);

        /** Get port number from sockaddr
         * @return The port number of this user.
         */
        int GetPort();

        /** Get protocol family from sockaddr
         * @return The protocol family of this user, either AF_INET or AF_INET6
         */
        int GetProtocolFamily();

        /** Get IP string from sockaddr, using static internal buffer
         * @return The IP string
         */
        const char* GetIPString();

        /* Write error string
         */
        std::string WriteError;

        /** This is true if the user matched an exception (E:Line). It is used to save time on ban checks.
         */
        bool exempt;

        /** This value contains how far into the penalty threshold the user is. Once its over
         * the penalty threshold then commands are held and processed on-timer.
         */
        int Penalty;

        /** True if we are flushing penalty lines
         */
        bool OverPenalty;

        /** If this bool is set then penalty rules do not apply to this user
         */
        bool ExemptFromPenalty;

        /** Default constructor
         * @throw CoreException if the UID allocated to the user already exists
         * @param Instance Creator instance
         * @param uid User UUID, or empty to allocate one automatically
         */
        User(InspIRCd* Instance, const std::string &uid = "");

        /** Returns the full displayed host of the user
         * This member function returns the hostname of the user as seen by other users
         * on the server, in nick!ident&at;host form.
         * @return The full masked host of the user
         */
        virtual char* GetFullHost();

        /** Returns the full real host of the user
         * This member function returns the hostname of the user as seen by other users
         * on the server, in nick!ident&at;host form. If any form of hostname cloaking is in operation,
         * e.g. through a module, then this method will ignore it and return the true hostname.
         * @return The full real host of the user
         */
        virtual char* GetFullRealHost();

        /** This clears any cached results that are used for GetFullRealHost() etc.
         * The results of these calls are cached as generating them can be generally expensive.
         */
        void InvalidateCache();

        /** Create a displayable mode string for this users snomasks
         * @return The notice mask character sequence
         */
        const char* FormatNoticeMasks();

        /** Process a snomask modifier string, e.g. +abc-de
         * @param sm A sequence of notice mask characters
         * @return The cleaned mode sequence which can be output,
         * e.g. in the above example if masks c and e are not
         * valid, this function will return +ab-d
         */
        std::string ProcessNoticeMasks(const char *sm);

        /** Returns true if a notice mask is set
         * @param sm A notice mask character to check
         * @return True if the notice mask is set
         */
        bool IsNoticeMaskSet(unsigned char sm);

        /** Changed a specific notice mask value
         * @param sm The server notice mask to change
         * @param value An on/off value for this mask
         */
        void SetNoticeMask(unsigned char sm, bool value);

        /** Create a displayable mode string for this users umodes
         * @param The mode string
         */
        const char* FormatModes();

        /** Returns true if a specific mode is set
         * @param m The user mode
         * @return True if the mode is set
         */
        bool IsModeSet(unsigned char m);

        /** Set a specific usermode to on or off
         * @param m The user mode
         * @param value On or off setting of the mode
         */
        void SetMode(unsigned char m, bool value);

        /** Returns true if a user is invited to a channel.
         * @param channel A channel name to look up
         * @return True if the user is invited to the given channel
         */
        virtual bool IsInvited(const irc::string &channel);

        /** Adds a channel to a users invite list (invites them to a channel)
         * @param channel A channel name to add
         */
        virtual void InviteTo(const irc::string &channel);

        /** Removes a channel from a users invite list.
         * This member function is called on successfully joining an invite only channel
         * to which the user has previously been invited, to clear the invitation.
         * @param channel The channel to remove the invite to
         */
        virtual void RemoveInvite(const irc::string &channel);

        /** Returns true or false for if a user can execute a privilaged oper command.
         * This is done by looking up their oper type from User::oper, then referencing
         * this to their oper classes and checking the commands they can execute.
         * @param command A command (should be all CAPS)
         * @return True if this user can execute the command
         */
        bool HasPermission(const std::string &command);

        /** Calls read() to read some data for this user using their fd.
         * @param buffer The buffer to read into
         * @param size The size of data to read
         * @return The number of bytes read, or -1 if an error occured.
         */
        int ReadData(void* buffer, size_t size);

        /** This method adds data to the read buffer of the user.
         * The buffer can grow to any size within limits of the available memory,
         * managed by the size of a std::string, however if any individual line in
         * the buffer grows over 600 bytes in length (which is 88 chars over the
         * RFC-specified limit per line) then the method will return false and the
         * text will not be inserted.
         * @param a The string to add to the users read buffer
         * @return True if the string was successfully added to the read buffer
         */
        bool AddBuffer(std::string a);

        /** This method returns true if the buffer contains at least one carriage return
         * character (e.g. one complete line may be read)
         * @return True if there is at least one complete line in the users buffer
         */
        bool BufferIsReady();

        /** This function clears the entire buffer by setting it to an empty string.
         */
        void ClearBuffer();

        /** This method returns the first available string at the tail end of the buffer
         * and advances the tail end of the buffer past the string. This means it is
         * a one way operation in a similar way to strtok(), and multiple calls return
         * multiple lines if they are available. The results of this function if there
         * are no lines to be read are unknown, always use BufferIsReady() to check if
         * it is ok to read the buffer before calling GetBuffer().
         * @return The string at the tail end of this users buffer
         */
        std::string GetBuffer();

        /** Sets the write error for a connection. This is done because the actual disconnect
         * of a client may occur at an inopportune time such as half way through /LIST output.
         * The WriteErrors of clients are checked at a more ideal time (in the mainloop) and
         * errored clients purged.
         * @param error The error string to set.
         */
        void SetWriteError(const std::string &error);

        /** Returns the write error which last occured on this connection or an empty string
         * if none occured.
         * @return The error string which has occured for this user
         */
        const char* GetWriteError();

        /** Adds to the user's write buffer.
         * You may add any amount of text up to this users sendq value, if you exceed the
         * sendq value, SetWriteError() will be called to set the users error string to
         * "SendQ exceeded", and further buffer adds will be dropped.
         * @param data The data to add to the write buffer
         */
        void AddWriteBuf(const std::string &data);

        /** Flushes as much of the user's buffer to the file descriptor as possible.
         * This function may not always flush the entire buffer, rather instead as much of it
         * as it possibly can. If the send() call fails to send the entire buffer, the buffer
         * position is advanced forwards and the rest of the data sent at the next call to
         * this method.
         */
        void FlushWriteBuf();

        /** Returns the list of channels this user has been invited to but has not yet joined.
         * @return A list of channels the user is invited to
         */
        InvitedList* GetInviteList();

        /** Creates a wildcard host.
         * Takes a buffer to use and fills the given buffer with the host in the format *!*@hostname
         * @return The wildcarded hostname in *!*@host form
         */
        char* MakeWildHost();

        /** Creates a usermask with real host.
         * Takes a buffer to use and fills the given buffer with the hostmask in the format user@host
         * @return the usermask in the format user@host
         */
        char* MakeHost();

        /** Creates a usermask with real ip.
         * Takes a buffer to use and fills the given buffer with the ipmask in the format user@ip
         * @return the usermask in the format user@ip
         */
        char* MakeHostIP();

        /** Shuts down and closes the user's socket
         * This will not cause the user to be deleted. Use InspIRCd::QuitUser for this,
         * which will call CloseSocket() for you.
         */
        void CloseSocket();

        /** Disconnect a user gracefully
         * @param user The user to remove
         * @param r The quit reason to show to normal users
         * @param oreason The quit reason to show to opers
         * @return Although this function has no return type, on exit the user provided will no longer exist.
         */
        static void QuitUser(InspIRCd* Instance, User *user, const std::string &r, const char* oreason = "");

        /** Add the user to WHOWAS system
         */
        void AddToWhoWas();

        /** Oper up the user using the given opertype.
         * This will also give the +o usermode.
         * @param opertype The oper type to oper as
         */
        void Oper(const std::string &opertype, const std::string &opername);

        /** Call this method to find the matching <connect> for a user, and to check them against it.
         */
        void CheckClass();

        /** Use this method to fully connect a user.
         * This will send the message of the day, check G/K/E lines, etc.
         */
        void FullConnect();

        /** Change this users hash key to a new string.
         * You should not call this function directly. It is used by the core
         * to update the users hash entry on a nickchange.
         * @param New new user_hash key
         * @return Pointer to User in hash (usually 'this')
         */
        User* UpdateNickHash(const char* New);

        /** Force a nickname change.
         * If the nickname change fails (for example, because the nick in question
         * already exists) this function will return false, and you must then either
         * output an error message, or quit the user for nickname collision.
         * @param newnick The nickname to change to
         * @return True if the nickchange was successful.
         */
        bool ForceNickChange(const char* newnick);

        /** Add a client to the system.
         * This will create a new User, insert it into the user_hash,
         * initialize it as not yet registered, and add it to the socket engine.
         * @param Instance a pointer to the server instance
         * @param socket The socket id (file descriptor) this user is on
         * @param port The port number this user connected on
         * @param iscached This variable is reserved for future use
         * @param ip The IP address of the user
         * @return This function has no return value, but a call to AddClient may remove the user.
         */
        static void AddClient(InspIRCd* Instance, int socket, int port, bool iscached, int socketfamily, sockaddr* ip);

        /** Oper down.
         * This will clear the +o usermode and unset the user's oper type
         */
        void UnOper();

        /** Write text to this user, appending CR/LF.
         * @param text A std::string to send to the user
         */
        void Write(std::string text);

        /** Write text to this user, appending CR/LF.
         * @param text The format string for text to send to the user
         * @param ... POD-type format arguments
         */
        void Write(const char *text, ...);

        /** Write text to this user, appending CR/LF and prepending :server.name
         * @param text A std::string to send to the user
         */
        void WriteServ(const std::string& text);

        /** Write text to this user, appending CR/LF and prepending :server.name
         * @param text The format string for text to send to the user
         * @param ... POD-type format arguments
         */
        void WriteServ(const char* text, ...);

        /** Write text to this user, appending CR/LF and prepending :nick!user@host of the user provided in the first parameter.
         * @param user The user to prepend the :nick!user@host of
         * @param text A std::string to send to the user
         */
        void WriteFrom(User *user, const std::string &text);

        /** Write text to this user, appending CR/LF and prepending :nick!user@host of the user provided in the first parameter.
         * @param user The user to prepend the :nick!user@host of
         * @param text The format string for text to send to the user
         * @param ... POD-type format arguments
         */
        void WriteFrom(User *user, const char* text, ...);

        /** Write text to the user provided in the first parameter, appending CR/LF, and prepending THIS user's :nick!user@host.
         * @param dest The user to route the message to
         * @param text A std::string to send to the user
         */
        void WriteTo(User *dest, const std::string &data);

        /** Write text to the user provided in the first parameter, appending CR/LF, and prepending THIS user's :nick!user@host.
         * @param dest The user to route the message to
         * @param text The format string for text to send to the user
         * @param ... POD-type format arguments
         */
        void WriteTo(User *dest, const char *data, ...);

        /** Write to all users that can see this user (including this user in the list), appending CR/LF
         * @param text A std::string to send to the users
         */
        void WriteCommon(const std::string &text);

        /** Write to all users that can see this user (including this user in the list), appending CR/LF
         * @param text The format string for text to send to the users
         * @param ... POD-type format arguments
         */
        void WriteCommon(const char* text, ...);

        /** Write to all users that can see this user (not including this user in the list), appending CR/LF
         * @param text The format string for text to send to the users
         * @param ... POD-type format arguments
         */
        void WriteCommonExcept(const char* text, ...);

        /** Write to all users that can see this user (not including this user in the list), appending CR/LF
         * @param text A std::string to send to the users
         */
        void WriteCommonExcept(const std::string &text);

        /** Write a quit message to all common users, as in User::WriteCommonExcept but with a specific
         * quit message for opers only.
         * @param normal_text Normal user quit message
         * @param oper_text Oper only quit message
         */
        void WriteCommonQuit(const std::string &normal_text, const std::string &oper_text);

        /** Write a WALLOPS message from this user to all local opers.
         * If this user is not opered, the function will return without doing anything.
         * @param text The format string to send in the WALLOPS message
         * @param ... Format arguments
         */
        void WriteWallOps(const char* text, ...);

        /** Write a WALLOPS message from this user to all local opers.
         * If this user is not opered, the function will return without doing anything.
         * @param text The text to send in the WALLOPS message
         */
        void WriteWallOps(const std::string &text);

        /** Return true if the user shares at least one channel with another user
         * @param other The other user to compare the channel list against
         * @return True if the given user shares at least one channel with this user
         */
        bool SharesChannelWith(User *other);

        /** Change the displayed host of a user.
         * ALWAYS use this function, rather than writing User::dhost directly,
         * as this triggers module events allowing the change to be syncronized to
         * remote servers. This will also emulate a QUIT and rejoin (where configured)
         * before setting their host field.
         * @param host The new hostname to set
         * @return True if the change succeeded, false if it didn't
         */
        bool ChangeDisplayedHost(const char* host);

        /** Change the ident (username) of a user.
         * ALWAYS use this function, rather than writing User::ident directly,
         * as this correctly causes the user to seem to quit (where configured)
         * before setting their ident field.
         * @param host The new ident to set
         * @return True if the change succeeded, false if it didn't
         */
        bool ChangeIdent(const char* newident);

        /** Change a users realname field.
         * ALWAYS use this function, rather than writing User::fullname directly,
         * as this triggers module events allowing the change to be syncronized to
         * remote servers.
         * @param gecos The user's new realname
         * @return True if the change succeeded, false if otherwise
         */
        bool ChangeName(const char* gecos);

        /** Send a command to all local users from this user
         * The command given must be able to send text with the
         * first parameter as a servermask (e.g. $*), so basically
         * you should use PRIVMSG or NOTICE.
         * @param command the command to send
         * @param text The text format string to send
         * @param ... Format arguments
         */
        void SendAll(const char* command, char* text, ...);

        /** Compile a channel list for this user, and send it to the user 'source'
         * Used internally by WHOIS
         * @param The user to send the channel list to if it is not too long
         * @return This user's channel list
         */
        std::string ChannelList(User* source);

        /** Split the channel list in cl which came from dest, and spool it to this user
         * Used internally by WHOIS
         * @param dest The user the original channel list came from
         * @param cl The  channel list as a string obtained from User::ChannelList()
         */
        void SplitChanList(User* dest, const std::string &cl);

        /** Remove this user from all channels they are on, and delete any that are now empty.
         * This is used by QUIT, and will not send part messages!
         */
        void PurgeEmptyChannels();

        /** Get the connect class which this user belongs to.
         * @return A pointer to this user's connect class
         */
        ConnectClass *GetClass();

        /** Set the connect class to which this user belongs to.
         * @param explicit_name Set this string to tie the user to a specific class name. Otherwise, the class is fitted by checking <connect> tags from the configuration file.
         * @return A reference to this user's current connect class.
         */
        ConnectClass *SetClass(const std::string &explicit_name = "");

        /** Show the message of the day to this user
         */
        void ShowMOTD();

        /** Show the server RULES file to this user
         */
        void ShowRULES();

        /** Set oper-specific quit message shown to opers only when the user quits
         * (overrides any sent by QuitUser)
         */
        void SetOperQuit(const std::string &oquit);

        /** Get oper-specific quit message shown only to opers when the user quits.
         * (overrides any sent by QuitUser)
         */
        const char* GetOperQuit();

        /** Increases a user's command penalty by a set amount.
         */
        void IncreasePenalty(int increase);

        /** Decreases a user's command penalty by a set amount.
         */
        void DecreasePenalty(int decrease);

        /** Handle socket event.
         * From EventHandler class.
         * @param et Event type
         * @param errornum Error number for EVENT_ERROR events
         */
        void HandleEvent(EventType et, int errornum = 0);

        /** Default destructor
         */
        virtual ~User();
};

/* Configuration callbacks */
class ServerConfig;

#endif