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1 /*
2 dns.cpp - based on the dns library Copyright (C) 2002 Ian Gulliver
3
4 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of version 2 of the GNU General Public License as
6 published by the Free Software Foundation.
7
8 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
9 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
10 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
11 GNU General Public License for more details.
12
13 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
14 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
15 Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
16 */
17
18 #define _DNS_C
19
20 #include <string>
21 #include <stdlib.h>
22 #include <time.h>
23 #include <sys/types.h>
24 #include <sys/socket.h>
25 #include <sys/time.h>
26 #include <string.h>
27 #include <unistd.h>
28 #include <stdio.h>
29 #include <errno.h>
30 #include <fcntl.h>
31 #include <poll.h>
32 #include "dns.h"
33
34 static const char tagstring[] = "$Id$";
35
36 #define max(a,b) (a > b ? a : b)
37 #define DNS_MAX              8                    /* max number of nameservers used */
38 #define DNS_CONFIG_FBCK     "/etc/resolv.conf"    /* fallback config file */
39 #define DNS_PORT            53                    /* DNS well known port */
40 #define DNS_QRY_A            1                    /* name to IP address */
41 #define DNS_QRY_AAAA        28                    /* name to IP6 address */
42 #define DNS_QRY_PTR         12                    /* IP address to name */
43 #define DNS_QRY_MX          15                    /* name to MX */
44 #define DNS_QRY_TXT         16                    /* name to TXT */
45 #define DNS_QRY_CNAME       5
46
47 #define DNS_ALIGN (sizeof(void *) > sizeof(long) ? sizeof(void *) : sizeof(long))
48 #define DNS_TRIES 3
49 #define RESULTSIZE 1024
50 #define min(a,b) (a < b ? a : b)
51
52 static struct in_addr servers4[DNS_MAX]; /* up to DNS_MAX nameservers; populated by dns_init() */
53 static int i4; /* actual count of nameservers; set by dns_init() */
54
55 static int initdone = 0; /* to ensure dns_init() only runs once (on the first call) */
56 static int wantclose = 0;
57 static int lastcreate = -1;
58
59 struct s_connection { /* open DNS query */
60         struct s_connection *next; /* next in list */
61         unsigned char id[2];
62         unsigned int _class;
63         unsigned int type;
64         int want_list;
65         int fd; /* file descriptor returned from sockets */
66 };
67
68 struct s_rr_middle {
69         unsigned int type;
70         unsigned int _class;
71         unsigned long ttl;
72         unsigned int rdlength;
73 };
74
75 #define DNS_POINTER_VALUE 0xc000
76
77 static s_connection *connection_head = NULL; /* linked list of open DNS queries; populated by dns_add_query(), decimated by dns_getresult_s() */
78
79 struct s_header { /* DNS query header */
80         unsigned char id[2];
81         unsigned int flags1;
82 #define FLAGS1_MASK_QR 0x80
83 #define FLAGS1_MASK_OPCODE 0x78 /* bitshift right 3 */
84 #define FLAGS1_MASK_AA 0x04
85 #define FLAGS1_MASK_TC 0x02
86 #define FLAGS1_MASK_RD 0x01
87         unsigned int flags2;
88 #define FLAGS2_MASK_RA 0x80
89 #define FLAGS2_MASK_Z  0x70
90 #define FLAGS2_MASK_RCODE 0x0f
91         unsigned int qdcount;
92         unsigned int ancount;
93         unsigned int nscount;
94         unsigned int arcount;
95         unsigned char payload[512]; /* DNS question, populated by dns_build_query_payload() */
96 };
97
98 extern time_t TIME;
99
100 void *dns_align(void *inp) {
101         char *p = (char*)inp;
102         int offby = ((char *)p - (char *)0) % DNS_ALIGN;
103         if (offby != 0)
104                 return p + (DNS_ALIGN - offby);
105         else
106                 return p;
107 }
108
109 /*
110  * These little hacks are here to avoid alignment and type sizing issues completely by doing manual copies
111  */
112 void dns_fill_rr(s_rr_middle* rr, const unsigned char *input) {
113         rr->type = input[0] * 256 + input[1];
114         rr->_class = input[2] * 256 + input[3];
115         rr->ttl = input[4] * 16777216 + input[5] * 65536 + input[6] * 256 + input[7];
116         rr->rdlength = input[8] * 256 + input[9];
117 }
118
119 void dns_fill_header(s_header *header, const unsigned char *input, const int l) {
120         header->id[0] = input[0];
121         header->id[1] = input[1];
122         header->flags1 = input[2];
123         header->flags2 = input[3];
124         header->qdcount = input[4] * 256 + input[5];
125         header->ancount = input[6] * 256 + input[7];
126         header->nscount = input[8] * 256 + input[9];
127         header->arcount = input[10] * 256 + input[11];
128         memcpy(header->payload,&input[12],l);
129 }
130
131 void dns_empty_header(unsigned char *output, const s_header *header, const int l) {
132         output[0] = header->id[0];
133         output[1] = header->id[1];
134         output[2] = header->flags1;
135         output[3] = header->flags2;
136         output[4] = header->qdcount / 256;
137         output[5] = header->qdcount % 256;
138         output[6] = header->ancount / 256;
139         output[7] = header->ancount % 256;
140         output[8] = header->nscount / 256;
141         output[9] = header->nscount % 256;
142         output[10] = header->arcount / 256;
143         output[11] = header->arcount % 256;
144         memcpy(&output[12],header->payload,l);
145 }
146
147 void dns_close(int fd) { /* close query */
148         if (fd == lastcreate) {
149                 wantclose = 1;
150                 return;
151         }
152         close(fd);
153         return;
154 }
155
156 void DNS::dns_init() { /* on first call only: populates servers4 struct with up to DNS_MAX nameserver IP addresses from /etc/resolv.conf */
157         FILE *f;
158         int i;
159         in_addr addr4;
160         char buf[1024];
161         if (initdone == 1)
162                 return;
163         i4 = 0;
164
165         initdone = 1;
166         srand((unsigned int) TIME);
167         memset(servers4,'\0',sizeof(in_addr) * DNS_MAX);
168         f = fopen(DNS_CONFIG_FBCK,"r");
169         if (f == NULL)
170                 return;
171         while (fgets(buf,1024,f) != NULL) {
172                 if (strncmp(buf,"nameserver",10) == 0) {
173                         i = 10;
174                         while (buf[i] == ' ' || buf[i] == '\t')
175                                 i++;
176                         if (i4 < DNS_MAX) {
177                                 if (dns_aton4_s(&buf[i],&addr4) != NULL)
178                                         memcpy(&servers4[i4++],&addr4,sizeof(in_addr));
179                         }
180                 }
181         }
182         fclose(f);
183
184 }
185
186 void DNS::dns_init_2(const char* dnsserver) { /* populates servers4 struct with address from the given parameter */
187         FILE *f;
188         int i;
189         in_addr addr4;
190         char buf[1024];
191         if (initdone == 1)
192                 return;
193         i4 = 0;
194
195         initdone = 1;
196         srand((unsigned int) TIME);
197         memset(servers4,'\0',sizeof(in_addr) * DNS_MAX);
198         if (dns_aton4_s(dnsserver,&addr4) != NULL)
199             memcpy(&servers4[i4++],&addr4,sizeof(in_addr));
200 }
201
202
203 static int dns_send_requests(const s_header *h, const s_connection *s, const int l) { /* send DNS query */
204         int i;
205         sockaddr_in addr4;
206         unsigned char payload[sizeof(s_header)];
207
208         dns_empty_header(payload,h,l);
209
210
211         for (i = 0; i < i4; i++) {
212                 /* otherwise send via standard ipv4 boringness */
213                 memset(&addr4,0,sizeof(addr4));
214                 memcpy(&addr4.sin_addr,&servers4[i],sizeof(addr4.sin_addr));
215                 addr4.sin_family = AF_INET;
216                 addr4.sin_port = htons(DNS_PORT);
217                 if (sendto(s->fd, payload, l + 12, 0, (sockaddr *) &addr4, sizeof(addr4)) == -1)
218                 {
219                         return -1;
220                 }
221         }
222
223         return 0;
224 }
225
226 static s_connection *dns_add_query(s_header *h) { /* build DNS query, add to list */
227         s_connection * s;
228
229         s = new s_connection;
230
231         /* set header flags */
232         h->id[0] = s->id[0] = rand() % 255; /* verified by dns_getresult_s() */
233         h->id[1] = s->id[1] = rand() % 255;
234         h->flags1 = 0 | FLAGS1_MASK_RD;
235         h->flags2 = 0;
236         h->qdcount = 1;
237         h->ancount = 0;
238         h->nscount = 0;
239         h->arcount = 0;
240
241         /* turn off want_list by default */
242         s->want_list = 0;
243
244         /* try to create ipv6 or ipv4 socket */
245                 s->fd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
246                 if (s->fd != -1) {
247                         if (fcntl(s->fd, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK) != 0) {
248                                 close(s->fd);
249                                 s->fd = -1;
250                         }
251                 }
252                 if (s->fd != -1) {
253                         sockaddr_in addr;
254                         memset(&addr,0,sizeof(addr));
255                         addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
256                         addr.sin_port = 0;
257                         addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
258                         if (bind(s->fd,(sockaddr *)&addr,sizeof(addr)) != 0) {
259                                 close(s->fd);
260                                 s->fd = -1;
261                         }
262                 }
263                 if (s->fd == -1) {
264                         delete s;
265                         return NULL;
266                 }
267         /* create new connection object, add to linked list */
268         s->next = connection_head;
269         connection_head = s;
270
271         if (wantclose == 1) {
272                 close(lastcreate);
273                 wantclose = 0;
274         }
275         lastcreate = s->fd;
276         return s;
277 }
278
279 static int dns_build_query_payload(const char * const name, const unsigned short rr, const unsigned short _class, unsigned char * const payload) { 
280         short payloadpos;
281         const char * tempchr, * tempchr2;
282         unsigned short l;
283         
284         payloadpos = 0;
285         tempchr2 = name;
286
287         /* split name up into labels, create query */
288         while ((tempchr = strchr(tempchr2,'.')) != NULL) {
289                 l = tempchr - tempchr2;
290                 if (payloadpos + l + 1 > 507)
291                         return -1;
292                 payload[payloadpos++] = l;
293                 memcpy(&payload[payloadpos],tempchr2,l);
294                 payloadpos += l;
295                 tempchr2 = &tempchr[1];
296         }
297         l = strlen(tempchr2);
298         if (l) {
299                 if (payloadpos + l + 2 > 507)
300                         return -1;
301                 payload[payloadpos++] = l;
302                 memcpy(&payload[payloadpos],tempchr2,l);
303                 payloadpos += l;
304                 payload[payloadpos++] = '\0';
305         }
306         if (payloadpos > 508)
307                 return -1;
308         l = htons(rr);
309         memcpy(&payload[payloadpos],&l,2);
310         l = htons(_class);
311         memcpy(&payload[payloadpos + 2],&l,2);
312         return payloadpos + 4;
313 }
314
315 in_addr* DNS::dns_aton4(const char * const ipstring) { /* ascii to numeric: convert string to static 4part IP addr struct */
316         in_addr ip;
317         return dns_aton4_s(ipstring,&ip);
318 }
319
320 in_addr* DNS::dns_aton4_r(const char *ipstring) { /* ascii to numeric (reentrant): convert string to new 4part IP addr struct */
321         in_addr* ip;
322         ip = new in_addr;
323         if(dns_aton4_s(ipstring,ip) == NULL) {
324                 delete ip;
325                 return NULL;
326         }
327         return ip;
328 }
329
330 in_addr* DNS::dns_aton4_s(const char *ipstring, in_addr *ip) { /* ascii to numeric (buffered): convert string to given 4part IP addr struct */
331         unsigned char *myip;
332         int i,part = 0;
333         myip = (unsigned char *)ip;
334
335         memset(myip,'\0',4);
336         for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
337                 switch (ipstring[i]) {
338                         case '\0':
339                                 if (part != 3)
340                                         return NULL;
341                                 return ip;
342                                 break;
343                         case '0':
344                         case '1':
345                         case '2':
346                         case '3':
347                         case '4':
348                         case '5':
349                         case '6':
350                         case '7':
351                         case '8':
352                         case '9':
353                                 if (myip[part] > 25)
354                                         return NULL;
355                                 myip[part] *= 10;
356                                 if (myip[part] == 250 && ipstring[i] - '0' > 6)
357                                         return NULL;
358                                 myip[part] += ipstring[i] - '0';
359                                 break;
360                         case '.':
361                                 if (part == 3)
362                                         return ip;
363                                 else
364                                         part++;
365                                 break;
366                         default:
367                                 if (part == 3)
368                                         return ip;
369                                 else
370                                         return NULL;
371                                 break;
372                 }
373         }
374         if (part == 3)
375                 return ip;
376         else
377                 return NULL;
378 }
379
380 int DNS::dns_getip4(const char *name) { /* build, add and send A query; retrieve result with dns_getresult() */
381         s_header h;
382         s_connection *s;
383         int l;
384
385         dns_init();
386         
387
388         l = dns_build_query_payload(name,DNS_QRY_A,1,(unsigned char *)&h.payload);
389         if (l == -1)
390                 return -1;
391         s = dns_add_query(&h);
392         if (s == NULL)
393                 return -1;
394         s->_class = 1;
395         s->type = DNS_QRY_A;
396         if (dns_send_requests(&h,s,l) == -1)
397                 return -1;
398
399         return s->fd;
400 }
401
402 int DNS::dns_getip4list(const char *name) { /* build, add and send A query; retrieve result with dns_getresult() */
403         s_header h;
404         s_connection *s;
405         int l;
406
407         dns_init();
408         
409
410         l = dns_build_query_payload(name,DNS_QRY_A,1,(unsigned char *)&h.payload);
411         if (l == -1)
412                 return -1;
413         s = dns_add_query(&h);
414         if (s == NULL)
415                 return -1;
416         s->_class = 1;
417         s->type = DNS_QRY_A;
418         s->want_list = 1;
419         if (dns_send_requests(&h,s,l) == -1)
420                 return -1;
421
422         return s->fd;
423 }
424
425 int DNS::dns_getname4(const in_addr *ip) { /* build, add and send PTR query; retrieve result with dns_getresult() */
426         char query[512];
427         s_header h;
428         s_connection * s;
429         unsigned char *c;
430         int l;
431
432         dns_init();
433
434         c = (unsigned char *)&ip->s_addr;
435
436         sprintf(query,"%d.%d.%d.%d.in-addr.arpa",c[3],c[2],c[1],c[0]);
437
438         l = dns_build_query_payload(query,DNS_QRY_PTR,1,(unsigned char *)&h.payload);
439         if (l == -1)
440                 return -1;
441         s = dns_add_query(&h);
442         if (s == NULL)
443                 return -1;
444         s->_class = 1;
445         s->type = DNS_QRY_PTR;
446         if (dns_send_requests(&h,s,l) == -1)
447                 return -1;
448
449         return s->fd;
450 }
451
452 char* DNS::dns_ntoa4(const in_addr * const ip) { /* numeric to ascii: convert 4part IP addr struct to static string */
453         static char result[256];
454         return dns_ntoa4_s(ip,result);
455 }
456
457 char* DNS::dns_ntoa4_r(const in_addr *ip) { /* numeric to ascii (reentrant): convert 4part IP addr struct to new string */
458         char *result;
459         result = new char[256];
460         return dns_ntoa4_s(ip,result);
461 }
462
463 char* DNS::dns_ntoa4_s(const in_addr *ip, char *result) { /* numeric to ascii (buffered): convert 4part IP addr struct to given string */
464         unsigned char *m;
465         m = (unsigned char *)&ip->s_addr;
466         sprintf(result,"%d.%d.%d.%d",m[0],m[1],m[2],m[3]);
467         return result;
468 }
469
470 char* DNS::dns_getresult(const int fd) { /* retrieve result of DNS query */
471         static char result[RESULTSIZE];
472         return dns_getresult_s(fd,result);
473 }
474
475 char* DNS::dns_getresult_r(const int fd) { /* retrieve result of DNS query (reentrant) */
476         char *result;
477         result = new char[RESULTSIZE];
478         if(dns_getresult_s(fd,result) == NULL) {
479                 delete result;
480                 return NULL;
481         }
482         return result;
483 }
484
485 char* DNS::dns_getresult_s(const int fd, char *result) { /* retrieve result of DNS query (buffered) */
486         s_header h;
487         s_connection *c, *prev;
488         int l,i,q,curanswer,o;
489         s_rr_middle rr;
490         unsigned char buffer[sizeof(s_header)];
491         unsigned short p;
492
493         if (result)
494         {
495                 result[0] = 0;
496         }
497
498         prev = NULL;
499         c = connection_head;
500         while (c != NULL) { /* find query in list of open queries */
501                 if (c->fd == fd)
502                         break;
503                 prev = c;
504                 c = c->next;
505         }
506         if (c == NULL) {
507                 return NULL; /* query not found */
508         }
509         /* query found-- pull from list: */
510         if (prev != NULL)
511                 prev->next = c->next;
512         else
513                 connection_head = c->next;
514
515         l = recv(c->fd,buffer,sizeof(s_header),0);
516         dns_close(c->fd);
517         if (l < 12) {
518                 delete c;
519                 return NULL;
520         }
521         dns_fill_header(&h,buffer,l - 12);
522         if (c->id[0] != h.id[0] || c->id[1] != h.id[1]) {
523                 delete c;
524                 return NULL; /* ID mismatch */
525         }
526         if ((h.flags1 & FLAGS1_MASK_QR) == 0) {
527                 delete c;
528                 return NULL;
529         }
530         if ((h.flags1 & FLAGS1_MASK_OPCODE) != 0) {
531                 delete c;
532                 return NULL;
533         }
534         if ((h.flags2 & FLAGS2_MASK_RCODE) != 0) {
535                 delete c;
536                 return NULL;
537         }
538         if (h.ancount < 1)  { /* no sense going on if we don't have any answers */
539                 delete c;
540                 return NULL;
541         }
542         /* skip queries */
543         i = 0;
544         q = 0;
545         l -= 12;
546         while (q < h.qdcount && i < l) {
547                 if (h.payload[i] > 63) { /* pointer */
548                         i += 6; /* skip pointer, _class and type */
549                         q++;
550                 } else { /* label */
551                         if (h.payload[i] == 0) {
552                                 q++;
553                                 i += 5; /* skip nil, _class and type */
554                         } else
555                                 i += h.payload[i] + 1; /* skip length and label */
556                 }
557         }
558         /* &h.payload[i] should now be the start of the first response */
559         curanswer = 0;
560         while (curanswer < h.ancount) {
561                 q = 0;
562                 while (q == 0 && i < l) {
563                         if (h.payload[i] > 63) { /* pointer */
564                                 i += 2; /* skip pointer */
565                                 q = 1;
566                         } else { /* label */
567                                 if (h.payload[i] == 0) {
568                                         i++;
569                                         q = 1;
570                                 } else
571                                         i += h.payload[i] + 1; /* skip length and label */
572                         }
573                 }
574                 if (l - i < 10) {
575                         delete c;
576                         return NULL;
577                 }
578                 dns_fill_rr(&rr,&h.payload[i]);
579                 i += 10;
580                 if (rr.type != c->type) {
581                         curanswer++;
582                         i += rr.rdlength;
583                         continue;
584                 }
585                 if (rr._class != c->_class) {
586                         curanswer++;
587                         i += rr.rdlength;
588                         continue;
589                 }
590                 break;
591         }
592         if (curanswer == h.ancount)
593                 return NULL;
594         if (i + rr.rdlength > l)
595                 return NULL;
596         if (rr.rdlength > 1023)
597                 return NULL;
598
599         switch (rr.type) {
600                 case DNS_QRY_PTR:
601                         o = 0;
602                         q = 0;
603                         while (q == 0 && i < l && o + 256 < 1023) {
604                                 if (h.payload[i] > 63) { /* pointer */
605                                         memcpy(&p,&h.payload[i],2);
606                                         i = ntohs(p) - DNS_POINTER_VALUE - 12;
607                                 } else { /* label */
608                                         if (h.payload[i] == 0)
609                                                 q = 1;
610                                         else {
611                                                 result[o] = '\0';
612                                                 if (o != 0)
613                                                         result[o++] = '.';
614                                                 memcpy(&result[o],&h.payload[i + 1],h.payload[i]);
615                                                 o += h.payload[i];
616                                                 i += h.payload[i] + 1;
617                                         }
618                                 }
619                         }
620                         result[o] = '\0';
621                         break;
622                 case DNS_QRY_A:
623                         if (c->want_list) {
624                                 dns_ip4list *alist = (dns_ip4list *) result; /* we have to trust that this is aligned */
625                                 while ((char *)alist - (char *)result < 700) {
626                                         if (rr.type != DNS_QRY_A)
627                                                 break;
628                                         if (rr._class != 1)
629                                                 break;
630                                         if (rr.rdlength != 4) {
631                                                 delete c;
632                                                 return NULL;
633                                         }
634                                         memcpy(&alist->ip,&h.payload[i],4);
635                                         if (++curanswer >= h.ancount)
636                                                 break;
637                                         i += rr.rdlength;
638                                         {
639                                                 /* skip next name */
640                                                 q = 0;
641                                                 while (q == 0 && i < l) {
642                                                         if (h.payload[i] > 63) { /* pointer */
643                                                                 i += 2; /* skip pointer */
644                                                                 q = 1;
645                                                         } else { /* label */
646                                                                 if (h.payload[i] == 0) {
647                                                                         i++;
648                                                                         q = 1;
649                                                                 } else
650                                                                         i += h.payload[i] + 1; /* skip length and label */
651                                                         }
652                                                 }
653                                         }
654                                         if (l - i < 10) {
655                                                 delete c;
656                                                 return NULL;
657                                         }
658                                         dns_fill_rr(&rr,&h.payload[i]);
659                                         i += 10;
660                                         alist->next = (dns_ip4list *) dns_align(((char *) alist) + sizeof(dns_ip4list));
661                                         alist = alist->next;
662                                         alist->next = NULL;
663                                 }
664                                 alist->next = NULL;
665                                 break;
666                         }
667                         goto defaultcase;
668                         break;
669                 default:
670                 defaultcase:
671                         memcpy(result,&h.payload[i],rr.rdlength);
672                         result[rr.rdlength] = '\0';
673                         break;
674         }
675         delete c;
676         return result;
677 }
678
679 DNS::DNS()
680 {
681         dns_init();
682 }
683
684 DNS::DNS(std::string dnsserver)
685 {
686         dns_init_2(dnsserver.c_str());
687 }
688
689 DNS::~DNS()
690 {
691 }
692
693 bool DNS::ReverseLookup(std::string ip)
694 {
695         binip = dns_aton4(ip.c_str());
696         if (binip == NULL) {
697                 return false;
698         }
699         this->fd = dns_getname4(binip);
700         if (this->fd == -1)
701                 return false;
702         return true;
703 }
704
705 bool DNS::ForwardLookup(std::string host)
706 {
707 }
708
709 bool DNS::HasResult()
710 {
711         pollfd polls;
712         polls.fd = this->fd;
713         polls.events = POLLIN;
714         int ret = poll(&polls,1,1);
715         return (ret > 0);
716 }
717
718 int DNS::GetFD()
719 {
720         return this->fd;
721 }
722
723 std::string DNS::GetResult()
724 {
725         result = dns_getresult(this->fd);
726         if (result) {
727                 return result;
728         } else {
729                 return "";
730         }
731 }