2 dns.cpp - based on the dns library Copyright (C) 2002 Ian Gulliver
4 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 it under the terms of version 2 of the GNU General Public License as
6 published by the Free Software Foundation.
8 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
9 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
10 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
11 GNU General Public License for more details.
13 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
14 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
15 Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
23 #include <sys/types.h>
24 #include <sys/socket.h>
33 static const char tagstring[] = "$Id$";
35 #define max(a,b) (a > b ? a : b)
36 #define DNS_MAX 8 /* max number of nameservers used */
37 #define DNS_CONFIG_FBCK "/etc/resolv.conf" /* fallback config file */
38 #define DNS_PORT 53 /* DNS well known port */
39 #define DNS_QRY_A 1 /* name to IP address */
40 #define DNS_QRY_AAAA 28 /* name to IP6 address */
41 #define DNS_QRY_PTR 12 /* IP address to name */
42 #define DNS_QRY_MX 15 /* name to MX */
43 #define DNS_QRY_TXT 16 /* name to TXT */
44 #define DNS_QRY_CNAME 5
46 #define DNS_ALIGN (sizeof(void *) > sizeof(long) ? sizeof(void *) : sizeof(long))
48 #define RESULTSIZE 1024
49 #define min(a,b) (a < b ? a : b)
51 static struct in_addr servers4[DNS_MAX]; /* up to DNS_MAX nameservers; populated by dns_init() */
52 static int i4; /* actual count of nameservers; set by dns_init() */
54 static int initdone = 0; /* to ensure dns_init() only runs once (on the first call) */
55 static int wantclose = 0;
56 static int lastcreate = -1;
58 struct s_connection { /* open DNS query */
59 struct s_connection *next; /* next in list */
64 int fd; /* file descriptor returned from sockets */
71 unsigned int rdlength;
74 #define DNS_POINTER_VALUE 0xc000
76 static s_connection *connection_head = NULL; /* linked list of open DNS queries; populated by dns_add_query(), decimated by dns_getresult_s() */
78 struct s_header { /* DNS query header */
81 #define FLAGS1_MASK_QR 0x80
82 #define FLAGS1_MASK_OPCODE 0x78 /* bitshift right 3 */
83 #define FLAGS1_MASK_AA 0x04
84 #define FLAGS1_MASK_TC 0x02
85 #define FLAGS1_MASK_RD 0x01
87 #define FLAGS2_MASK_RA 0x80
88 #define FLAGS2_MASK_Z 0x70
89 #define FLAGS2_MASK_RCODE 0x0f
94 unsigned char payload[512]; /* DNS question, populated by dns_build_query_payload() */
97 void *dns_align(void *inp) {
99 int offby = ((char *)p - (char *)0) % DNS_ALIGN;
101 return p + (DNS_ALIGN - offby);
107 * These little hacks are here to avoid alignment and type sizing issues completely by doing manual copies
109 void dns_fill_rr(s_rr_middle* rr, const unsigned char *input) {
110 rr->type = input[0] * 256 + input[1];
111 rr->_class = input[2] * 256 + input[3];
112 rr->ttl = input[4] * 16777216 + input[5] * 65536 + input[6] * 256 + input[7];
113 rr->rdlength = input[8] * 256 + input[9];
116 void dns_fill_header(s_header *header, const unsigned char *input, const int l) {
117 header->id[0] = input[0];
118 header->id[1] = input[1];
119 header->flags1 = input[2];
120 header->flags2 = input[3];
121 header->qdcount = input[4] * 256 + input[5];
122 header->ancount = input[6] * 256 + input[7];
123 header->nscount = input[8] * 256 + input[9];
124 header->arcount = input[10] * 256 + input[11];
125 memcpy(header->payload,&input[12],l);
128 void dns_empty_header(unsigned char *output, const s_header *header, const int l) {
129 output[0] = header->id[0];
130 output[1] = header->id[1];
131 output[2] = header->flags1;
132 output[3] = header->flags2;
133 output[4] = header->qdcount / 256;
134 output[5] = header->qdcount % 256;
135 output[6] = header->ancount / 256;
136 output[7] = header->ancount % 256;
137 output[8] = header->nscount / 256;
138 output[9] = header->nscount % 256;
139 output[10] = header->arcount / 256;
140 output[11] = header->arcount % 256;
141 memcpy(&output[12],header->payload,l);
144 void dns_close(int fd) { /* close query */
145 if (fd == lastcreate) {
153 void DNS::dns_init() { /* on first call only: populates servers4 struct with up to DNS_MAX nameserver IP addresses from /etc/resolv.conf */
163 srand((unsigned int) time(NULL));
164 memset(servers4,'\0',sizeof(in_addr) * DNS_MAX);
165 f = fopen(DNS_CONFIG_FBCK,"r");
168 while (fgets(buf,1024,f) != NULL) {
169 if (strncmp(buf,"nameserver",10) == 0) {
171 while (buf[i] == ' ' || buf[i] == '\t')
174 if (dns_aton4_s(&buf[i],&addr4) != NULL)
175 memcpy(&servers4[i4++],&addr4,sizeof(in_addr));
183 void DNS::dns_init_2(const char* dnsserver) { /* populates servers4 struct with address from the given parameter */
193 srand((unsigned int) time(NULL));
194 memset(servers4,'\0',sizeof(in_addr) * DNS_MAX);
195 if (dns_aton4_s(dnsserver,&addr4) != NULL)
196 memcpy(&servers4[i4++],&addr4,sizeof(in_addr));
200 static int dns_send_requests(const s_header *h, const s_connection *s, const int l) { /* send DNS query */
203 unsigned char payload[sizeof(s_header)];
205 dns_empty_header(payload,h,l);
208 for (i = 0; i < i4; i++) {
209 /* otherwise send via standard ipv4 boringness */
210 memset(&addr4,0,sizeof(addr4));
211 memcpy(&addr4.sin_addr,&servers4[i],sizeof(addr4.sin_addr));
212 addr4.sin_family = AF_INET;
213 addr4.sin_port = htons(DNS_PORT);
214 sendto(s->fd, payload, l + 12, 0, (sockaddr *) &addr4, sizeof(addr4));
220 static s_connection *dns_add_query(s_header *h) { /* build DNS query, add to list */
223 s = new s_connection;
225 /* set header flags */
226 h->id[0] = s->id[0] = rand() % 255; /* verified by dns_getresult_s() */
227 h->id[1] = s->id[1] = rand() % 255;
228 h->flags1 = 0 | FLAGS1_MASK_RD;
235 /* turn off want_list by default */
238 /* try to create ipv6 or ipv4 socket */
239 s->fd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
241 if (fcntl(s->fd, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK) != 0) {
248 memset(&addr,0,sizeof(addr));
249 addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
251 addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
252 if (bind(s->fd,(sockaddr *)&addr,sizeof(addr)) != 0) {
261 /* create new connection object, add to linked list */
262 s->next = connection_head;
265 if (wantclose == 1) {
273 static int dns_build_query_payload(const char * const name, const unsigned short rr, const unsigned short _class, unsigned char * const payload) {
275 const char * tempchr, * tempchr2;
281 /* split name up into labels, create query */
282 while ((tempchr = strchr(tempchr2,'.')) != NULL) {
283 l = tempchr - tempchr2;
284 if (payloadpos + l + 1 > 507)
286 payload[payloadpos++] = l;
287 memcpy(&payload[payloadpos],tempchr2,l);
289 tempchr2 = &tempchr[1];
291 l = strlen(tempchr2);
293 if (payloadpos + l + 2 > 507)
295 payload[payloadpos++] = l;
296 memcpy(&payload[payloadpos],tempchr2,l);
298 payload[payloadpos++] = '\0';
300 if (payloadpos > 508)
303 memcpy(&payload[payloadpos],&l,2);
305 memcpy(&payload[payloadpos + 2],&l,2);
306 return payloadpos + 4;
309 in_addr* DNS::dns_aton4(const char * const ipstring) { /* ascii to numeric: convert string to static 4part IP addr struct */
311 return dns_aton4_s(ipstring,&ip);
314 in_addr* DNS::dns_aton4_r(const char *ipstring) { /* ascii to numeric (reentrant): convert string to new 4part IP addr struct */
317 if(dns_aton4_s(ipstring,ip) == NULL) {
324 in_addr* DNS::dns_aton4_s(const char *ipstring, in_addr *ip) { /* ascii to numeric (buffered): convert string to given 4part IP addr struct */
327 myip = (unsigned char *)ip;
330 for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
331 switch (ipstring[i]) {
350 if (myip[part] == 250 && ipstring[i] - '0' > 6)
352 myip[part] += ipstring[i] - '0';
374 int DNS::dns_getip4(const char *name) { /* build, add and send A query; retrieve result with dns_getresult() */
382 l = dns_build_query_payload(name,DNS_QRY_A,1,(unsigned char *)&h.payload);
385 s = dns_add_query(&h);
390 if (dns_send_requests(&h,s,l) == -1)
396 int DNS::dns_getip4list(const char *name) { /* build, add and send A query; retrieve result with dns_getresult() */
404 l = dns_build_query_payload(name,DNS_QRY_A,1,(unsigned char *)&h.payload);
407 s = dns_add_query(&h);
413 if (dns_send_requests(&h,s,l) == -1)
419 int DNS::dns_getname4(const in_addr *ip) { /* build, add and send PTR query; retrieve result with dns_getresult() */
428 c = (unsigned char *)&ip->s_addr;
430 sprintf(query,"%d.%d.%d.%d.in-addr.arpa",c[3],c[2],c[1],c[0]);
432 l = dns_build_query_payload(query,DNS_QRY_PTR,1,(unsigned char *)&h.payload);
435 s = dns_add_query(&h);
439 s->type = DNS_QRY_PTR;
440 if (dns_send_requests(&h,s,l) == -1)
446 char* DNS::dns_ntoa4(const in_addr * const ip) { /* numeric to ascii: convert 4part IP addr struct to static string */
447 static char result[256];
448 return dns_ntoa4_s(ip,result);
451 char* DNS::dns_ntoa4_r(const in_addr *ip) { /* numeric to ascii (reentrant): convert 4part IP addr struct to new string */
453 result = new char[256];
454 return dns_ntoa4_s(ip,result);
457 char* DNS::dns_ntoa4_s(const in_addr *ip, char *result) { /* numeric to ascii (buffered): convert 4part IP addr struct to given string */
459 m = (unsigned char *)&ip->s_addr;
460 sprintf(result,"%d.%d.%d.%d",m[0],m[1],m[2],m[3]);
464 char* DNS::dns_getresult(const int fd) { /* retrieve result of DNS query */
465 static char result[RESULTSIZE];
466 return dns_getresult_s(fd,result);
469 char* DNS::dns_getresult_r(const int fd) { /* retrieve result of DNS query (reentrant) */
471 result = new char[RESULTSIZE];
472 if(dns_getresult_s(fd,result) == NULL) {
479 char* DNS::dns_getresult_s(const int fd, char *result) { /* retrieve result of DNS query (buffered) */
481 s_connection *c, *prev;
482 int l,i,q,curanswer,o;
484 unsigned char buffer[sizeof(s_header)];
489 while (c != NULL) { /* find query in list of open queries */
496 return NULL; /* query not found */
498 /* query found-- pull from list: */
500 prev->next = c->next;
502 connection_head = c->next;
504 l = recv(c->fd,buffer,sizeof(s_header),0);
510 dns_fill_header(&h,buffer,l - 12);
511 if (c->id[0] != h.id[0] || c->id[1] != h.id[1]) {
513 return NULL; /* ID mismatch */
515 if ((h.flags1 & FLAGS1_MASK_QR) == 0) {
519 if ((h.flags1 & FLAGS1_MASK_OPCODE) != 0) {
523 if ((h.flags2 & FLAGS2_MASK_RCODE) != 0) {
527 if (h.ancount < 1) { /* no sense going on if we don't have any answers */
535 while (q < h.qdcount && i < l) {
536 if (h.payload[i] > 63) { /* pointer */
537 i += 6; /* skip pointer, _class and type */
540 if (h.payload[i] == 0) {
542 i += 5; /* skip nil, _class and type */
544 i += h.payload[i] + 1; /* skip length and label */
547 /* &h.payload[i] should now be the start of the first response */
549 while (curanswer < h.ancount) {
551 while (q == 0 && i < l) {
552 if (h.payload[i] > 63) { /* pointer */
553 i += 2; /* skip pointer */
556 if (h.payload[i] == 0) {
560 i += h.payload[i] + 1; /* skip length and label */
567 dns_fill_rr(&rr,&h.payload[i]);
569 if (rr.type != c->type) {
574 if (rr._class != c->_class) {
581 if (curanswer == h.ancount)
583 if (i + rr.rdlength > l)
585 if (rr.rdlength > 1023)
592 while (q == 0 && i < l && o + 256 < 1023) {
593 if (h.payload[i] > 63) { /* pointer */
594 memcpy(&p,&h.payload[i],2);
595 i = ntohs(p) - DNS_POINTER_VALUE - 12;
597 if (h.payload[i] == 0)
603 memcpy(&result[o],&h.payload[i + 1],h.payload[i]);
605 i += h.payload[i] + 1;
613 dns_ip4list *alist = (dns_ip4list *) result; /* we have to trust that this is aligned */
614 while ((char *)alist - (char *)result < 700) {
615 if (rr.type != DNS_QRY_A)
619 if (rr.rdlength != 4) {
623 memcpy(&alist->ip,&h.payload[i],4);
624 if (++curanswer >= h.ancount)
630 while (q == 0 && i < l) {
631 if (h.payload[i] > 63) { /* pointer */
632 i += 2; /* skip pointer */
635 if (h.payload[i] == 0) {
639 i += h.payload[i] + 1; /* skip length and label */
647 dns_fill_rr(&rr,&h.payload[i]);
649 alist->next = (dns_ip4list *) dns_align(((char *) alist) + sizeof(dns_ip4list));
660 memcpy(result,&h.payload[i],rr.rdlength);
661 result[rr.rdlength] = '\0';
673 DNS::DNS(std::string dnsserver)
675 dns_init_2(dnsserver.c_str());
682 bool DNS::ReverseLookup(std::string ip)
684 binip = dns_aton4(ip.c_str());
686 fprintf(stderr,"invalid IP address.\n");
689 this->fd = dns_getname4(binip);
692 bool DNS::ForwardLookup(std::string host)
696 bool DNS::HasResult()
700 FD_SET(this->fd,&fds);
704 int result = select(this->fd+1, &fds, NULL, NULL, &tvs);
708 std::string DNS::GetResult()
710 result = dns_getresult(this->fd);