[user/henk/code/inspircd.git] / src / modules / m_rpc_json.cpp

/*       +------------------------------------+
 *       | Inspire Internet Relay Chat Daemon |
 *       +------------------------------------+
 *
 *  InspIRCd: (C) 2002-2007 InspIRCd Development Team
 * See: http://www.inspircd.org/wiki/index.php/Credits
 *
 * This program is free but copyrighted software; see
 *          the file COPYING for details.
 *
 * ---------------------------------------------------
 */

#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdio>
#include <iostream>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <utility>

#include "inspircd.h"
#include "inspsocket.h"
#include "httpd.h"
#include "json.h"

/* $ModDesc: Provides a JSON-RPC interface for modules using m_httpd.so */

class ModuleRpcJson : public Module
{
        void MthModuleVersion (HTTPRequest *http, json::Value &request, json::Value &response)
        {
                Version v = this->GetVersion();
                std::string result = ConvToStr(v.Major) + "." + ConvToStr(v.Minor) + "." + ConvToStr(v.Revision) + "." + ConvToStr(v.Build);
                response["result"] = result;
        }

        void system_list_methods (HTTPRequest *http, json::Value &request, json::Value &response)
        {
                unsigned i = 0;
                json::Value method_list (json::arrayValue);
                
                json::rpc::method_map::iterator it;
                for (it = json::rpc::methods.begin(); it != json::rpc::methods.end(); ++it)
                {
                        method_list[i] = json::Value (it->first);
                        i++;
                }
                
                response["result"] = method_list;
        }

 public:
        ModuleRpcJson(InspIRCd* Me) : Module(Me)
        {
                ServerInstance->Modules->PublishInterface("JSON-RPC", this);
                json::rpc::add_method ("system.listMethods", (Module *)this, (void (Module::*)(HTTPRequest*, json::Value&, json::Value&))&ModuleRpcJson::system_list_methods);
                json::rpc::add_method ("ircd.moduleVersion", (Module *)this, (void (Module::*)(HTTPRequest*, json::Value&, json::Value&))&ModuleRpcJson::MthModuleVersion);
        }

        void OnEvent(Event* event)
        {
                std::stringstream data("");

                if (event->GetEventID() == "httpd_url")
                {
                        HTTPRequest* http = (HTTPRequest*)event->GetData();

                        if (http->GetURI() == "/jsonrpc" && http->GetType() == "POST")
                        {
                                try
                                {
                                        std::string response_text;
                                        json::rpc::process (http, response_text, http->GetPostData().c_str());
                                        data << response_text;
                                }
                                catch (std::runtime_error &)
                                {
                                        data << "{ \"result\": \"JSON Fault\", \"error\": \"Invalid RPC call\", \"id\": 1}";
                                }

                                /* Send the document back to m_httpd */
                                HTTPDocument response(http->sock, &data, 200);
                                response.headers.SetHeader("X-Powered-By", "m_rpc_json.so");
                                response.headers.SetHeader("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=iso-8859-1");
                                response.headers.SetHeader("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
                                Request req((char*)&response, (Module*)this, event->GetSource());
                                req.Send();
                        }
                }
        }

        void Implements(char* List)
        {
                List[I_OnEvent] = 1;
        }

        virtual ~ModuleRpcJson()
        {
                ServerInstance->Modules->UnpublishInterface("JSON-RPC", this);
        }

        virtual Version GetVersion()
        {
                return Version(0, 1, 0, 0, VF_VENDOR, API_VERSION);
        }
};

namespace json
{
  ValueIteratorBase::ValueIteratorBase ()
  {
  }


  ValueIteratorBase::ValueIteratorBase (const Value::ObjectValues::iterator &current)
    : current_ (current)
  {
  }

  Value &
  ValueIteratorBase::deref () const
  {
    return current_->second;
  }


  void 
  ValueIteratorBase::increment ()
  {
    ++current_;
  }


  void 
  ValueIteratorBase::decrement ()
  {
    --current_;
  }


  ValueIteratorBase::difference_type 
  ValueIteratorBase::computeDistance (const SelfType &other) const
  {
    return difference_type (std::distance (current_, other.current_));
  }


  bool 
  ValueIteratorBase::isEqual (const SelfType &other) const
  {
    return current_ == other.current_;
  }


  void 
  ValueIteratorBase::copy (const SelfType &other)
  {
    current_ = other.current_;
  }


  Value 
  ValueIteratorBase::key () const
  {
    const Value::CZString czstring = (*current_).first;
    if (czstring.c_str ())
      {
        if (czstring.isStaticString ())
          return Value (StaticString (czstring.c_str ()));
        return Value (czstring.c_str ());
      }
    return Value (czstring.index ());
  }


  unsigned 
  ValueIteratorBase::index () const
  {
    const Value::CZString czstring = (*current_).first;
    if (!czstring.c_str ())
      return czstring.index ();
    return unsigned (-1);
  }


  char const *
  ValueIteratorBase::memberName () const
  {
    char const *name = (*current_).first.c_str ();
    return name ? name : "";
  }


  ValueConstIterator::ValueConstIterator ()
  {
  }


  ValueConstIterator::ValueConstIterator (const Value::ObjectValues::iterator &current)
    : ValueIteratorBase (current)
  {
  }

  ValueConstIterator &
  ValueConstIterator::operator = (const ValueIteratorBase &other)
  {
    copy (other);
    return *this;
  }


  ValueIterator::ValueIterator ()
  {
  }


  ValueIterator::ValueIterator (const Value::ObjectValues::iterator &current)
    : ValueIteratorBase (current)
  {
  }

  ValueIterator::ValueIterator (const ValueConstIterator &other)
    : ValueIteratorBase (other)
  {
  }

  ValueIterator::ValueIterator (const ValueIterator &other)
    : ValueIteratorBase (other)
  {
  }

  ValueIterator &
  ValueIterator::operator = (const SelfType &other)
  {
    copy (other);
    return *this;
  }
}

namespace json
{
  inline bool 
  in (char c, char c1, char c2, char c3, char c4)
  {
    return c == c1 || c == c2 || c == c3 || c == c4;
  }

  inline bool 
  in (char c, char c1, char c2, char c3, char c4, char c5)
  {
    return c == c1 || c == c2 || c == c3 || c == c4 || c == c5;
  }


  Reader::Reader ()
  {
  }

  bool
  Reader::parse (const std::string &document, 
                 Value &root)
  {
    document_ = document;
    char const *begin = document_.c_str ();
    char const *end = begin + document_.length ();
    return parse (begin, end, root);
  }

  bool
  Reader::parse (std::istream& sin,
                 Value &root)
  {
    std::string doc;
    std::getline (sin, doc, (char)EOF);
    return parse (doc, root);
  }

  bool 
  Reader::parse (char const *beginDoc, char const *endDOc, 
                 Value &root)
  {
    begin_ = beginDoc;
    end_ = endDOc;
    current_ = begin_;
    lastValueEnd_ = 0;
    lastValue_ = 0;
    errors_.clear ();
    while (!nodes_.empty ())
      nodes_.pop ();
    nodes_.push (&root);
   
    bool successful = readValue ();
    return successful;
  }


  bool
  Reader::readValue ()
  {
    Token token;
    do
      readToken (token);
    while (token.type_ == tokenComment);
    bool successful = true;

    switch (token.type_)
      {
      case tokenObjectBegin:
        successful = readObject ();
        break;
      case tokenArrayBegin:
        successful = readArray ();
        break;
      case tokenNumber:
        successful = decodeNumber (token);
        break;
      case tokenString:
        successful = decodeString (token);
        break;
      case tokenTrue:
        currentValue () = true;
        break;
      case tokenFalse:
        currentValue () = false;
        break;
      case tokenNull:
        currentValue () = Value ();
        break;
      default:
        return addError ("Syntax error: value, object or array expected.", token);
      }

    return successful;
  }


  bool 
  Reader::expectToken (TokenType type, Token &token, char const *message)
  {
    readToken (token);
    if (token.type_ != type)
      return addError (message, token);
    return true;
  }


  bool 
  Reader::readToken (Token &token)
  {
    skipSpaces ();
    token.start_ = current_;
    char c = getNextChar ();
    bool ok = true;
    switch (c)
      {
      case '{':
        token.type_ = tokenObjectBegin;
        break;
      case '}':
        token.type_ = tokenObjectEnd;
        break;
      case '[':
        token.type_ = tokenArrayBegin;
        break;
      case ']':
        token.type_ = tokenArrayEnd;
        break;
      case '"':
        token.type_ = tokenString;
        ok = readString ();
        break;
#if 0
#ifdef __GNUC__
      case '0'...'9':
#endif
#else
      case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3':
      case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7':
      case '8': case '9':
#endif
      case '-':
        token.type_ = tokenNumber;
        readNumber ();
        break;
      case 't':
        token.type_ = tokenTrue;
        ok = match ("rue", 3);
        break;
      case 'f':
        token.type_ = tokenFalse;
        ok = match ("alse", 4);
        break;
      case 'n':
        token.type_ = tokenNull;
        ok = match ("ull", 3);
        break;
      case ',':
        token.type_ = tokenArraySeparator;
        break;
      case ':':
        token.type_ = tokenMemberSeparator;
        break;
      case 0:
        token.type_ = tokenEndOfStream;
        break;
      default:
        ok = false;
        break;
      }
    if (!ok)
      token.type_ = tokenError;
    token.end_ = current_;
    return true;
  }


  void 
  Reader::skipSpaces ()
  {
    while (current_ != end_)
      {
        char c = *current_;
        if (c == ' ' || c == '\t' || c == '\r' || c == '\n')
          ++current_;
        else
          break;
      }
  }


  bool 
  Reader::match (Location pattern, int patternLength)
  {
    if (end_ - current_ < patternLength)
      return false;
    int index = patternLength;
    while (index--)
      if (current_[index] != pattern[index])
        return false;
    current_ += patternLength;
    return true;
  }


  void 
  Reader::readNumber ()
  {
    while (current_ != end_)
      {
        if (!(*current_ >= '0' && *current_ <= '9')  &&
             !in (*current_, '.', 'e', 'E', '+', '-'))
          break;
        ++current_;
      }
  }

  bool
  Reader::readString ()
  {
    char c = 0;
    while (current_ != end_)
      {
        c = getNextChar ();
        if (c == '\\')
          getNextChar ();
        else if (c == '"')
          break;
      }
    return c == '"';
  }


  bool 
  Reader::readObject ()
  {
    Token tokenName;
    std::string name;
    currentValue () = Value (objectValue);
    while (readToken (tokenName))
      {
        if (tokenName.type_ == tokenObjectEnd && name.empty ())  // empty object
          return true;
        if (tokenName.type_ != tokenString)
          break;
      
        name = "";
        if (!decodeString (tokenName, name))
          return recoverFromError (tokenObjectEnd);

        Token colon;
        if (!readToken (colon) ||  colon.type_ != tokenMemberSeparator)
          {
            return addErrorAndRecover ("Missing ':' after object member name", 
                                       colon, 
                                       tokenObjectEnd);
          }
        Value &value = currentValue ()[ name ];
        nodes_.push (&value);
        bool ok = readValue ();
        nodes_.pop ();
        if (!ok) // error already set
          return recoverFromError (tokenObjectEnd);

        Token comma;
        if (!readToken (comma)
             ||   (comma.type_ != tokenObjectEnd && 
                   comma.type_ != tokenArraySeparator))
          {
            return addErrorAndRecover ("Missing ',' or '}' in object declaration", 
                                       comma, 
                                       tokenObjectEnd);
          }
        if (comma.type_ == tokenObjectEnd)
          return true;
      }
    return addErrorAndRecover ("Missing '}' or object member name", 
                               tokenName, 
                               tokenObjectEnd);
  }


  bool 
  Reader::readArray ()
  {
    currentValue () = Value (arrayValue);
    skipSpaces ();
    if (*current_ == ']') // empty array
      {
        Token endArray;
        readToken (endArray);
        return true;
      }
    int index = 0;
    while (true)
      {
        Value &value = currentValue ()[ index++ ];
        nodes_.push (&value);
        bool ok = readValue ();
        nodes_.pop ();
        if (!ok) // error already set
          return recoverFromError (tokenArrayEnd);

        Token token;
        if (!readToken (token) 
             ||   (token.type_ != tokenArraySeparator && 
                   token.type_ != tokenArrayEnd))
          {
            return addErrorAndRecover ("Missing ',' or ']' in array declaration", 
                                       token, 
                                       tokenArrayEnd);
          }
        if (token.type_ == tokenArrayEnd)
          break;
      }
    return true;
  }


  bool 
  Reader::decodeNumber (Token &token)
  {
    bool isDouble = false;
    for (Location inspect = token.start_; inspect != token.end_; ++inspect)
      {
        isDouble = isDouble  
          ||  in (*inspect, '.', 'e', 'E', '+')  
          ||   (*inspect == '-' && inspect != token.start_);
      }
    if (isDouble)
      return decodeDouble (token);
    Location current = token.start_;
    bool isNegative = *current == '-';
    if (isNegative)
      ++current;
    unsigned threshold = (isNegative ? unsigned (-Value::minInt) 
                             : Value::maxUInt) / 10;
    unsigned value = 0;
    while (current < token.end_)
      {
        char c = *current++;
        if (c < '0'  ||  c > '9')
          return addError ("'" + std::string (token.start_, token.end_) + "' is not a number.", token);
        if (value >= threshold)
          return decodeDouble (token);
        value = value * 10 + unsigned (c - '0');
      }
    if (isNegative)
      currentValue () = -int (value);
    else if (value <= unsigned (Value::maxInt))
      currentValue () = int (value);
    else
      currentValue () = value;
    return true;
  }


  bool 
  Reader::decodeDouble (Token &token)
  {
    double value = 0;
    const int bufferSize = 32;
    int count;
    int length = int (token.end_ - token.start_);
    if (length <= bufferSize)
      {
        char buffer[bufferSize];
        memcpy (buffer, token.start_, length);
        buffer[length] = 0;
        count = sscanf (buffer, "%lf", &value);
      }
    else
      {
        std::string buffer (token.start_, token.end_);
        count = sscanf (buffer.c_str (), "%lf", &value);
      }

    if (count != 1)
      return addError ("'" + std::string (token.start_, token.end_) + "' is not a number.", token);
    currentValue () = value;
    return true;
  }


  bool 
  Reader::decodeString (Token &token)
  {
    std::string decoded;
    if (!decodeString (token, decoded))
      return false;
    currentValue () = decoded;
    return true;
  }


  bool 
  Reader::decodeString (Token &token, std::string &decoded)
  {
    Location current = token.start_ + 1; // skip '"'
    Location end = token.end_ - 1;       // do not include '"'
    decoded.reserve (long (end - current));

    while (current != end)
      {
        char c = *current++;
        if (expect_false (c == '"'))
          break;
        else if (expect_false (c == '\\'))
          {
            if (expect_false (current == end))
              return addError ("Empty escape sequence in string", token, current);
            char escape = *current++;
            switch (escape)
              {
              case '"':
              case '/':
              case '\\': decoded += escape; break;

              case 'b': decoded += '\010'; break;
              case 't': decoded += '\011'; break;
              case 'n': decoded += '\012'; break;
              case 'f': decoded += '\014'; break;
              case 'r': decoded += '\015'; break;
              case 'u':
                {
                  unsigned unicode;
                  if (!decodeUnicodeEscapeSequence (token, current, end, unicode))
                    return false;
                  // @todo encode unicode as utf8.
                  // @todo remember to alter the writer too.
                }
                break;
              default:
                return addError ("Bad escape sequence in string", token, current);
              }
          }
        else
          {
            decoded += c;
          }
      }

    return true;
  }


  bool 
  Reader::decodeUnicodeEscapeSequence (Token &token, 
                                       Location &current, 
                                       Location end, 
                                       unsigned &unicode)
  {
    if (end - current < 4)
      return addError ("Bad unicode escape sequence in string: four digits expected.", token, current);
    unicode = 0;
    for (int index = 0; index < 4; ++index)
      {
        char c = *current++;
        unicode *= 16;
        if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
          unicode += c - '0';
        else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')
          unicode += c - 'a' + 10;
        else if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F')
          unicode += c - 'A' + 10;
        else
          return addError ("Bad unicode escape sequence in string: hexadecimal digit expected.", token, current);
      }
    return true;
  }


  bool 
  Reader::addError (const std::string &message, 
                    Token &token,
                    Location extra)
  {
    ErrorInfo info;
    info.token_ = token;
    info.message_ = message;
    info.extra_ = extra;
    errors_.push_back (info);
    return false;
  }


  bool 
  Reader::recoverFromError (TokenType skipUntilToken)
  {
    int errorCount = int (errors_.size ());
    Token skip;
    while (true)
      {
        if (!readToken (skip))
          errors_.resize (errorCount); // discard errors caused by recovery
        if (skip.type_ == skipUntilToken  ||  skip.type_ == tokenEndOfStream)
          break;
      }
    errors_.resize (errorCount);
    return false;
  }


  bool 
  Reader::addErrorAndRecover (const std::string &message, 
                              Token &token,
                              TokenType skipUntilToken)
  {
    addError (message, token);
    return recoverFromError (skipUntilToken);
  }


  Value &
  Reader::currentValue ()
  {
    return *(nodes_.top ());
  }


  char 
  Reader::getNextChar ()
  {
    if (current_ == end_)
      return 0;
    return *current_++;
  }


  void 
  Reader::getLocationLineAndColumn (Location location,
                                    int &line,
                                    int &column) const
  {
    Location current = begin_;
    Location lastLineStart = current;
    line = 0;
    while (current < location && current != end_)
      {
        char c = *current++;
        if (c == '\r')
          {
            if (*current == '\n')
              ++current;
            lastLineStart = current;
            ++line;
          }
        else if (c == '\n')
          {
            lastLineStart = current;
            ++line;
          }
      }
    // column & line start at 1
    column = int (location - lastLineStart) + 1;
    ++line;
  }


  std::string
  Reader::getLocationLineAndColumn (Location location) const
  {
    int line, column;
    getLocationLineAndColumn (location, line, column);
    char buffer[18+16+16+1];
    sprintf (buffer, "Line %d, Column %d", line, column);
    return buffer;
  }


  std::string 
  Reader::error_msgs () const
  {
    std::string formattedMessage;
    for (Errors::const_iterator itError = errors_.begin ();
          itError != errors_.end ();
          ++itError)
      {
        const ErrorInfo &error = *itError;
        formattedMessage += "* " + getLocationLineAndColumn (error.token_.start_) + "\n";
        formattedMessage += "  " + error.message_ + "\n";
        if (error.extra_)
          formattedMessage += "See " + getLocationLineAndColumn (error.extra_) + " for detail.\n";
      }
    return formattedMessage;
  }
} // namespace json

namespace json
{
  void
  unreachable_internal (char const *file, int line, char const *function)
  {
    char buf[1024];
    snprintf (buf, 1024, "%s (%d) [%s] critical: Unreachable line reached.",
              file, line, function);
  
    throw std::runtime_error (buf);
  }
  
  void
  throw_unless_internal (char const *file, int line, char const *function, char const *condition)
  {
    char buf[1024];
    snprintf (buf, 1024, "%s (%d) [%s] critical: Assertion `%s' failed.",
              file, line, function, condition);
  
    throw std::runtime_error (buf);
  }
  
  void
  throw_msg_unless_internal (char const *file, int line, char const *function, char const *message)
  {
    char buf[1024];
    snprintf (buf, 1024, "%s (%d) [%s] critical: %s.",
              file, line, function, message);
  
    throw std::runtime_error (buf);
  }

#define throw_unreachable                       unreachable_internal (__FILE__, __LINE__, CURFUNC)
#define throw_unless(condition)                 if (!expect_false (condition)) throw_unless_internal (__FILE__, __LINE__, CURFUNC, #condition)
#define throw_msg_unless(condition, message)    if (!expect_false (condition)) throw_msg_unless_internal (__FILE__, __LINE__, CURFUNC, message)
  
  const Value Value::null;
  const int Value::minInt = int (~ (unsigned (-1)/2));
  const int Value::maxInt = int (unsigned (-1)/2);
  const unsigned Value::maxUInt = unsigned (-1);

  ValueAllocator::~ValueAllocator ()
  {
  }

  class DefaultValueAllocator : public ValueAllocator
  {
  public:
    virtual ~DefaultValueAllocator ()
    {
    }

    virtual char *makeMemberName (char const *memberName)
    {
      return duplicateStringValue (memberName);
    }

    virtual void releaseMemberName (char *memberName)
    {
      releaseStringValue (memberName);
    }

    virtual char *duplicateStringValue (char const *value, unsigned length = unknown)
    {
      //@todo invesgate this old optimization
#if 0
      if (!value || value[0] == 0)
        return 0;
#endif

      if (length == unknown)
        length = (unsigned)strlen (value);
      char *newString = static_cast<char *> (malloc (length + 1));
      memcpy (newString, value, length);
      newString[length] = 0;
      return newString;
    }

    virtual void releaseStringValue (char *value)
    {
      if (value)
        free (value);
    }
  };

  static ValueAllocator *&valueAllocator ()
  {
    static DefaultValueAllocator defaultAllocator;
    static ValueAllocator *valueAllocator = &defaultAllocator;
    return valueAllocator;
  }

  static struct DummyValueAllocatorInitializer {
    DummyValueAllocatorInitializer () 
    {
      valueAllocator ();      // ensure valueAllocator () statics are initialized before main ().
    }
  } dummyValueAllocatorInitializer;



  Value::CZString::CZString (int index)
    : cstr_ (0)
    , index_ (index)
  {
  }

  Value::CZString::CZString (char const *cstr, DuplicationPolicy allocate)
    : cstr_ (allocate == duplicate ? valueAllocator()->makeMemberName (cstr) 
             : cstr)
    , index_ (allocate)
  {
  }

  Value::CZString::CZString (const CZString &other)
    : cstr_ (other.index_ != noDuplication &&  other.cstr_ != 0
             ?  valueAllocator()->makeMemberName (other.cstr_)
             : other.cstr_)
    , index_ (other.cstr_ ? (other.index_ == noDuplication ? noDuplication : duplicate)
              : other.index_)
  {
  }

  Value::CZString::~CZString ()
  {
    if (cstr_ && index_ == duplicate)
      valueAllocator()->releaseMemberName (const_cast<char *> (cstr_));
  }

  void 
  Value::CZString::swap (CZString &other)
  {
    std::swap (cstr_, other.cstr_);
    std::swap (index_, other.index_);
  }

  Value::CZString &
  Value::CZString::operator = (const CZString &other)
  {
    CZString temp (other);
    swap (temp);
    return *this;
  }

  bool 
  Value::CZString::operator < (const CZString &other) const 
  {
    if (cstr_)
      return strcmp (cstr_, other.cstr_) < 0;
    return index_ < other.index_;
  }

  bool 
  Value::CZString::operator == (const CZString &other) const 
  {
    if (cstr_)
      return strcmp (cstr_, other.cstr_) == 0;
    return index_ == other.index_;
  }


  int 
  Value::CZString::index () const
  {
    return index_;
  }


  char const *
  Value::CZString::c_str () const
  {
    return cstr_;
  }

  bool 
  Value::CZString::isStaticString () const
  {
    return index_ == noDuplication;
  }


  // class Value::Value

  Value::Value (ValueType type)
    : type_ (type)
    , allocated_ (0)
  {
    switch (type)
      {
      case nullValue:
        break;
      case intValue:
      case uintValue:
        value_.int_ = 0;
        break;
      case realValue:
        value_.real_ = 0.0;
        break;
      case stringValue:
        value_.string_ = 0;
        break;
      case arrayValue:
      case objectValue:
        value_.map_ = new ObjectValues ();
        break;
      case booleanValue:
        value_.bool_ = false;
        break;
      default:
        throw_unreachable;
      }
  }


  Value::Value (int value)
    : type_ (intValue)
  {
    value_.int_ = value;
  }


  Value::Value (unsigned value)
    : type_ (uintValue)
  {
    value_.uint_ = value;
  }

  Value::Value (double value)
    : type_ (realValue)
  {
    value_.real_ = value;
  }

  Value::Value (char const *value)
    : type_ (stringValue)
    , allocated_ (true)
  {
    value_.string_ = valueAllocator()->duplicateStringValue (value);
  }

  Value::Value (const std::string &value)
    : type_ (stringValue)
    , allocated_ (true)
  {
    value_.string_ = valueAllocator()->duplicateStringValue (value.c_str (), (unsigned)value.length ());
  }

  Value::Value (const StaticString &value)
    : type_ (stringValue)
    , allocated_ (false)
  {
    value_.string_ = const_cast<char *> (value.c_str ());
  }


  Value::Value (bool value)
    : type_ (booleanValue)
  {
    value_.bool_ = value;
  }


  Value::Value (const Value &other)
    : type_ (other.type_)
  {
    switch (type_)
      {
      case nullValue:
      case intValue:
      case uintValue:
      case realValue:
      case booleanValue:
        value_ = other.value_;
        break;
      case stringValue:
        if (other.value_.string_)
          {
            value_.string_ = valueAllocator()->duplicateStringValue (other.value_.string_);
            allocated_ = true;
          }
        else
          value_.string_ = 0;
        break;
      case arrayValue:
      case objectValue:
        value_.map_ = new ObjectValues (*other.value_.map_);
        break;
      default:
        throw_unreachable;
      }
  }


  Value::~Value ()
  {
    switch (type_)
      {
      case nullValue:
      case intValue:
      case uintValue:
      case realValue:
      case booleanValue:
        break;
      case stringValue:
        if (allocated_)
          valueAllocator()->releaseStringValue (value_.string_);
        break;
      case arrayValue:
      case objectValue:
        delete value_.map_;
        break;
      default:
        throw_unreachable;
      }
  }

  Value &
  Value::operator = (const Value &other)
  {
    Value temp (other);
    swap (temp);
    return *this;
  }

  void 
  Value::swap (Value &other)
  {
    ValueType temp = type_;
    type_ = other.type_;
    other.type_ = temp;
    std::swap (value_, other.value_);
    int temp2 = allocated_;
    allocated_ = other.allocated_;
    other.allocated_ = temp2;
  }

  ValueType 
  Value::type () const
  {
    return type_;
  }

  bool 
  Value::operator < (const Value &other) const
  {
    int typeDelta = type_ - other.type_;
    if (typeDelta)
      return typeDelta < 0 ? true : false;
    switch (type_)
      {
      case nullValue:
        return false;
      case intValue:
        return value_.int_ < other.value_.int_;
      case uintValue:
        return value_.uint_ < other.value_.uint_;
      case realValue:
        return value_.real_ < other.value_.real_;
      case booleanValue:
        return value_.bool_ < other.value_.bool_;
      case stringValue:
        return (value_.string_ == 0 && other.value_.string_)
          || (other.value_.string_  
              && value_.string_  
              && strcmp (value_.string_, other.value_.string_) < 0);
      case arrayValue:
      case objectValue:
        {
          int delta = int (value_.map_->size () - other.value_.map_->size ());
          if (delta)
            return delta < 0;
          return (*value_.map_) < (*other.value_.map_);
        }
      default:
        throw_unreachable;
      }
    return 0;  // unreachable
  }

  bool 
  Value::operator <= (const Value &other) const
  {
    return !(other > *this);
  }

  bool 
  Value::operator >= (const Value &other) const
  {
    return !(*this < other);
  }

  bool 
  Value::operator > (const Value &other) const
  {
    return other < *this;
  }

  bool 
  Value::operator == (const Value &other) const
  {
    if (type_ != other.type_)
      return false;

    switch (type_)
      {
      case nullValue:
        return true;
      case intValue:
        return value_.int_ == other.value_.int_;
      case uintValue:
        return value_.uint_ == other.value_.uint_;
      case realValue:
        return value_.real_ == other.value_.real_;
      case booleanValue:
        return value_.bool_ == other.value_.bool_;
      case stringValue:
        return (value_.string_ == other.value_.string_)
          || (other.value_.string_  
              && value_.string_  
              && strcmp (value_.string_, other.value_.string_) == 0);
      case arrayValue:
      case objectValue:
        return value_.map_->size () == other.value_.map_->size ()
          && (*value_.map_) == (*other.value_.map_);
      default:
        throw_unreachable;
      }
    return 0;  // unreachable
  }

  bool 
  Value::operator != (const Value &other) const
  {
    return !(*this == other);
  }

  Value::operator char const * () const
  {
    throw_unless (type_ == stringValue);
    return value_.string_;
  }


  Value::operator std::string () const
  {
    switch (type_)
      {
      case nullValue:
        return "";
      case stringValue:
        return value_.string_ ? value_.string_ : "";
      case booleanValue:
        return value_.bool_ ? "true" : "false";
      case intValue:
      case uintValue:
      case realValue:
      case arrayValue:
      case objectValue:
        throw_msg_unless (false, "Type is not convertible to string");
      default:
        throw_unreachable;
      }
    return ""; // unreachable
  }

  Value::operator int () const
  {
    switch (type_)
      {
      case nullValue:
        return 0;
      case intValue:
        return value_.int_;
      case uintValue:
        throw_msg_unless (value_.uint_ < (unsigned)maxInt, "integer out of signed integer range");
        return value_.uint_;
      case realValue:
        throw_msg_unless (value_.real_ >= minInt && value_.real_ <= maxInt, "Real out of signed integer range");
        return int (value_.real_);
      case booleanValue:
        return value_.bool_ ? 1 : 0;
      case stringValue:
      case arrayValue:
      case objectValue:
        throw_msg_unless (false, "Type is not convertible to int");
      default:
        throw_unreachable;
      }
    return 0; // unreachable;
  }

  Value::operator unsigned () const
  {
    switch (type_)
      {
      case nullValue:
        return 0;
      case intValue:
        throw_msg_unless (value_.int_ >= 0, "Negative integer can not be converted to unsigned integer");
        return value_.int_;
      case uintValue:
        return value_.uint_;
      case realValue:
        throw_msg_unless (value_.real_ >= 0 && value_.real_ <= maxUInt,  "Real out of unsigned integer range");
        return unsigned (value_.real_);
      case booleanValue:
        return value_.bool_ ? 1 : 0;
      case stringValue:
      case arrayValue:
      case objectValue:
        throw_msg_unless (false, "Type is not convertible to uint");
      default:
        throw_unreachable;
      }
    return 0; // unreachable;
  }

  Value::operator double () const
  {
    switch (type_)
      {
      case nullValue:
        return 0.0;
      case intValue:
        return value_.int_;
      case uintValue:
        return value_.uint_;
      case realValue:
        return value_.real_;
      case booleanValue:
        return value_.bool_ ? 1.0 : 0.0;
      case stringValue:
      case arrayValue:
      case objectValue:
        throw_msg_unless (false, "Type is not convertible to double");
      default:
        throw_unreachable;
      }
    return 0; // unreachable;
  }

  Value::operator bool () const
  {
    switch (type_)
      {
      case nullValue:
        return false;
      case intValue:
      case uintValue:
        return value_.int_ != 0;
      case realValue:
        return value_.real_ != 0.0;
      case booleanValue:
        return value_.bool_;
      case stringValue:
        return value_.string_ && value_.string_[0] != 0;
      case arrayValue:
      case objectValue:
        return value_.map_->size () != 0;
      default:
        throw_unreachable;
      }
    return false; // unreachable;
  }


  bool 
  Value::isConvertibleTo (ValueType other) const
  {
    switch (type_)
      {
      case nullValue:
        return true;
      case intValue:
        return (other == nullValue && value_.int_ == 0)
          || other == intValue
          || (other == uintValue  && value_.int_ >= 0)
          || other == realValue
          || other == stringValue
          || other == booleanValue;
      case uintValue:
        return (other == nullValue && value_.uint_ == 0)
          || (other == intValue  && value_.uint_ <= (unsigned)maxInt)
          || other == uintValue
          || other == realValue
          || other == stringValue
          || other == booleanValue;
      case realValue:
        return (other == nullValue && value_.real_ == 0.0)
          || (other == intValue && value_.real_ >= minInt && value_.real_ <= maxInt)
          || (other == uintValue && value_.real_ >= 0 && value_.real_ <= maxUInt)
          || other == realValue
          || other == stringValue
          || other == booleanValue;
      case booleanValue:
        return (other == nullValue && value_.bool_ == false)
          || other == intValue
          || other == uintValue
          || other == realValue
          || other == stringValue
          || other == booleanValue;
      case stringValue:
        return other == stringValue
          || (other == nullValue && (!value_.string_ || value_.string_[0] == 0));
      case arrayValue:
        return other == arrayValue
          || (other == nullValue && value_.map_->size () == 0);
      case objectValue:
        return other == objectValue
          || (other == nullValue && value_.map_->size () == 0);
      default:
        throw_unreachable;
      }
    return false; // unreachable;
  }


  /// Number of values in array or object
  unsigned 
  Value::size () const
  {
    switch (type_)
      {
      case nullValue:
      case intValue:
      case uintValue:
      case realValue:
      case booleanValue:
      case stringValue:
        return 0;
      case arrayValue:  // size of the array is highest index + 1
        if (!value_.map_->empty ())
          {
            ObjectValues::const_iterator itLast = value_.map_->end ();
            --itLast;
            return itLast->first.index ()+1;
          }
        return 0;
      case objectValue:
        return int (value_.map_->size ());
      default:
        throw_unreachable;
      }
    return 0; // unreachable;
  }


  bool 
  Value::empty () const
  {
    if (isNull () || isArray () || isObject ())
      return size () == 0u;
    else
      return false;
  }


  bool
  Value::operator ! () const
  {
    return isNull ();
  }


  void 
  Value::clear ()
  {
    throw_unless (type_ == nullValue || type_ == arrayValue  || type_ == objectValue);

    switch (type_)
      {
      case arrayValue:
      case objectValue:
        value_.map_->clear ();
        break;
      default:
        break;
      }
  }

  void 
  Value::resize (unsigned newSize)
  {
    throw_unless (type_ == nullValue || type_ == arrayValue);
    if (type_ == nullValue)
      *this = Value (arrayValue);
    unsigned oldSize = size ();
    if (newSize == 0)
      clear ();
    else if (newSize > oldSize)
      (*this)[ newSize - 1 ];
    else
      {
        for (unsigned index = newSize; index < oldSize; ++index)
          value_.map_->erase (index);
        throw_unless (size () == newSize);
      }
  }


  Value &
  Value::operator [] (int index)
  {
    return operator [] (static_cast<unsigned> (index));
  }


  Value &
  Value::operator [] (unsigned index)
  {
    throw_unless (type_ == nullValue || type_ == arrayValue);
    if (type_ == nullValue)
      *this = Value (arrayValue);
    CZString key (index);
    ObjectValues::iterator it = value_.map_->lower_bound (key);
    if (it != value_.map_->end () && it->first == key)
      return it->second;

    ObjectValues::value_type defaultValue (key, null);
    it = value_.map_->insert (it, defaultValue);
    return it->second;
  }


  const Value &
  Value::operator [] (int index) const
  {
    return operator [] (static_cast<unsigned> (index));
  }


  const Value &
  Value::operator [] (unsigned index) const
  {
    throw_unless (type_ == nullValue || type_ == arrayValue);
    if (type_ == nullValue)
      return null;
    CZString key (index);
    ObjectValues::const_iterator it = value_.map_->find (key);
    if (it == value_.map_->end ())
      return null;
    return it->second;
  }


  Value &
  Value::operator [] (char const *key)
  {
    return resolveReference (key, false);
  }


  Value &
  Value::resolveReference (char const *key, bool isStatic)
  {
    throw_unless (type_ == nullValue || type_ == objectValue);
    if (type_ == nullValue)
      *this = Value (objectValue);
    CZString actualKey (key, isStatic ? CZString::noDuplication 
                        : CZString::duplicateOnCopy);
    ObjectValues::iterator it = value_.map_->lower_bound (actualKey);
    if (it != value_.map_->end () && it->first == actualKey)
      return it->second;

    ObjectValues::value_type defaultValue (actualKey, null);
    it = value_.map_->insert (it, defaultValue);
    Value &value = it->second;
    return value;
  }


  Value 
  Value::get (int index, const Value &defaultValue) const
  {
    return get (static_cast<unsigned> (index), defaultValue);
  }


  Value 
  Value::get (unsigned index, const Value &defaultValue) const
  {
    const Value *value = &((*this)[index]);
    return value == &null ? defaultValue : *value;
  }


  bool 
  Value::isValidIndex (int index) const
  {
    return isValidIndex (static_cast<unsigned> (index));
  }


  bool 
  Value::isValidIndex (unsigned index) const
  {
    return index < size ();
  }



  const Value &
  Value::operator [] (char const *key) const
  {
    throw_unless (type_ == nullValue || type_ == objectValue);
    if (type_ == nullValue)
      return null;
    CZString actualKey (key, CZString::noDuplication);
    ObjectValues::const_iterator it = value_.map_->find (actualKey);
    if (it == value_.map_->end ())
      return null;
    return it->second;
  }


  Value &
  Value::operator [] (const std::string &key)
  {
    return (*this)[ key.c_str () ];
  }


  const Value &
  Value::operator [] (const std::string &key) const
  {
    return (*this)[ key.c_str () ];
  }

  Value &
  Value::operator [] (const StaticString &key)
  {
    return resolveReference (key, true);
  }


  Value &
  Value::append (const Value &value)
  {
    return (*this)[size ()] = value;
  }


  Value 
  Value::get (char const *key, const Value &defaultValue) const
  {
    const Value *value = &((*this)[key]);
    return value == &null ? defaultValue : *value;
  }


  Value 
  Value::get (const std::string &key, const Value &defaultValue) const
  {
    return get (key.c_str (), defaultValue);
  }

  Value
  Value::removeMember (char const *key)
  {
    throw_unless (type_ == nullValue || type_ == objectValue);
    if (type_ == nullValue)
      return null;
    CZString actualKey (key, CZString::noDuplication);
    ObjectValues::iterator it = value_.map_->find (actualKey);
    if (it == value_.map_->end ())
      return null;
    Value old (it->second);
    value_.map_->erase (it);
    return old;
  }

  Value
  Value::removeMember (const std::string &key)
  {
    return removeMember (key.c_str ());
  }

  bool 
  Value::isMember (char const *key) const
  {
    const Value *value = &((*this)[key]);
    return value != &null;
  }


  bool 
  Value::isMember (const std::string &key) const
  {
    return isMember (key.c_str ());
  }


  Value::Members 
  Value::getMemberNames () const
  {
    throw_unless (type_ == nullValue || type_ == objectValue);
    if (type_ == nullValue)
      return Value::Members ();
    Members members;
    members.reserve (value_.map_->size ());
    ObjectValues::const_iterator it;
    ObjectValues::const_iterator itEnd = value_.map_->end ();
    for (it = value_.map_->begin (); it != itEnd; ++it)
      members.push_back (std::string (it->first.c_str()));
    return members;
  }

  bool
  Value::isNull () const
  {
    return type_ == nullValue;
  }


  bool 
  Value::isBool () const
  {
    return type_ == booleanValue;
  }


  bool 
  Value::isInt () const
  {
    return type_ == intValue;
  }


  bool 
  Value::isUInt () const
  {
    return type_ == uintValue;
  }


  bool 
  Value::isIntegral () const
  {
    return type_ == intValue  
      || type_ == uintValue  
      || type_ == booleanValue;
  }


  bool 
  Value::isDouble () const
  {
    return type_ == realValue;
  }


  bool 
  Value::isNumeric () const
  {
    return isIntegral () || isDouble ();
  }


  bool 
  Value::isString () const
  {
    return type_ == stringValue;
  }


  bool 
  Value::isArray () const
  {
    return type_ == nullValue || type_ == arrayValue;
  }


  bool 
  Value::isObject () const
  {
    return type_ == nullValue || type_ == objectValue;
  }


  Value::const_iterator 
  Value::begin () const
  {
    switch (type_)
      {
      case arrayValue:
      case objectValue:
        if (value_.map_)
          return const_iterator (value_.map_->begin ());
        break;
      default:
        break;
      }
    return const_iterator ();
  }

  Value::const_iterator 
  Value::end () const
  {
    switch (type_)
      {
      case arrayValue:
      case objectValue:
        if (value_.map_)
          return const_iterator (value_.map_->end ());
        break;
      default:
        break;
      }
    return const_iterator ();
  }


  Value::iterator 
  Value::begin ()
  {
    switch (type_)
      {
      case arrayValue:
      case objectValue:
        if (value_.map_)
          return iterator (value_.map_->begin ());
        break;
      default:
        break;
      }
    return iterator ();
  }

  Value::iterator 
  Value::end ()
  {
    switch (type_)
      {
      case arrayValue:
      case objectValue:
        if (value_.map_)
          return iterator (value_.map_->end ());
        break;
      default:
        break;
      }
    return iterator ();
  }
} // namespace json

namespace json
{
  static void uintToString (unsigned value, 
                            char *&current)
  {
    *--current = 0;
    do
      {
        *--current = (value % 10) + '0';
        value /= 10;
      }
    while (value != 0);
  }

  std::string valueToString (int value)
  {
    char buffer[32];
    char *current = buffer + sizeof (buffer);
    bool isNegative = value < 0;
    if (isNegative)
      value = -value;
    uintToString (unsigned (value), current);
    if (isNegative)
      *--current = '-';
    throw_unless (current >= buffer);
    return current;
  }


  std::string valueToString (unsigned value)
  {
    char buffer[32];
    char *current = buffer + sizeof (buffer);
    uintToString (value, current);
    throw_unless (current >= buffer);
    return current;
  }

  std::string valueToString (double value)
  {
    char buffer[32];
    sprintf (buffer, "%.16g", value); 
    return buffer;
  }


  std::string valueToString (bool value)
  {
    return value ? "true" : "false";
  }

  std::string valueToQuotedString (char const *value)
  {
    // Not sure how to handle unicode...
    if (std::strpbrk (value, "\"\\\b\f\n\r\t") == NULL)
      return std::string ("\"") + value + "\"";
    // We have to walk value and escape any special characters.
    // Appending to std::string is not efficient, but this should be rare.
    // (Note: forward slashes are *not* rare, but I am not escaping them.)
    unsigned maxsize = strlen (value) * 2 + 3; // allescaped+quotes+NULL
    std::string result;
    result.reserve (maxsize); // to avoid lots of mallocs
    result += "\"";
    for (char const* c=value; *c != 0; ++c){
      switch (*c){
      case '\"':
        result += "\\\"";
        break;
      case '\\':
        result += "\\\\";
        break;
      case '\b':
        result += "\\b";
        break;
      case '\f':
        result += "\\f";
        break;
      case '\n':
        result += "\\n";
        break;
      case '\r':
        result += "\\r";
        break;
      case '\t':
        result += "\\t";
        break;
      case '/':
        // Even though \/ is considered a legal escape in JSON, a bare
        // slash is also legal, so I see no reason to escape it.
        // (I hope I am not misunderstanding something.)
      default:
        result += *c;
      }
    }
    result += "\"";
    return result;
  }

  // Class Writer
  std::string 
  Writer::write (const Value &root)
  {
    document_ = "";
    writeValue (root);
    document_ += "\n";
    return document_;
  }


  void 
  Writer::writeValue (const Value &value)
  {
    switch (value.type ())
      {
      case nullValue:
        document_ += "null";
        break;
      case intValue:
        document_ += valueToString (static_cast<int> (value));
        break;
      case uintValue:
        document_ += valueToString (static_cast<unsigned> (value));
        break;
      case realValue:
        document_ += valueToString (static_cast<double> (value));
        break;
      case stringValue:
        document_ += valueToQuotedString (static_cast<char const *> (value));
        break;
      case booleanValue:
        document_ += valueToString (static_cast<bool> (value));
        break;
      case arrayValue:
        {
          document_ += "[";
          int size = value.size ();
          for (int index = 0; index < size; ++index)
            {
              if (index > 0)
                document_ += ",";
              writeValue (value[index]);
            }
          document_ += "]";
        }
        break;
      case objectValue:
        {
          Value::Members members (value.getMemberNames ());
          document_ += "{";
          for (Value::Members::iterator it = members.begin (); 
                it != members.end (); 
                ++it)
            {
              const std::string &name = *it;
              if (it != members.begin ())
                document_ += ",";
              document_ += valueToQuotedString (name.c_str ());
              document_ += ":";
              writeValue (value[name]);
            }
          document_ += "}";
        }
        break;
      }
  }
} // namespace json

/**
 * RPC
 */

namespace json
{
  namespace rpc
  {
    method_map methods;
  
    void
    add_method (char *name, Module const *mod, method mth)
    {
      mfp m = { mod, mth };
      methods[name] = m;
    }
  
    void
    service (HTTPRequest *http, Value &request, Value &response)
    {
      char const *methodName = static_cast<char const *> (request["method"]);
      
      method_map::iterator mthit = methods.find (methodName);
      if (mthit != methods.end ())
        {
          mfp m = mthit->second;
          Module *mod = new Module (*m.mod);
          method mth = m.mth;
          (mod->*mth) (http, request, response);
          delete mod;
        }
    }
    
    void
    process (HTTPRequest *http, std::string &response_text, char const *request_text)
    {
      std::string text;
      bool parse_success;
      Value request (objectValue);
      Value response (objectValue);
      Reader r;
      Writer w;
      
      response["error"] = Value(nullValue);
      response["result"] = Value(nullValue);
      
      parse_success = r.parse (request_text, request_text + strlen (request_text), request);
      
      response["id"] = request["id"];
      
      service (http, request, response);
  
      text = w.write (response);
  
      response_text = text.c_str ();
  
      return;
    }
  } // namespace rpc
} // namespace json

MODULE_INIT(ModuleRpcJson)